Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21814869›Full record

Trial reportThe journal of primary prevention2011

Does practice make perfect? A randomized control trial of behavioral rehearsal on suicide prevention gatekeeper skills.

Wendi F Cross, David Seaburn, Danette Gibbs, Karen Schmeelk-Cone, Ann Marie White, Eric D Caine

Open access · greenAbstract readComparative StudyRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in The journal of primary prevention, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 65 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
65citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
8.7field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

65 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 227 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  10. University Students' Perceptions and Experiences of a Suicide Prevention Gatekeeper Program (GUIAS_Program): Improvements and Implications for Education.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2026
    Review
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5 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Wendi F CrossDepartment of Psychiatry, Box Psych, University of Rochester Medical Center, 300 Crittenden Blvd, Rochester, NY 14642, USA. wendi_cross@urmc.rochester.edu
David Seaburn
Danette Gibbs
Karen Schmeelk-Cone
Ann Marie White
Eric D Caine
University of Rochester Medical Center · USSpencer Foundation · US

Funding

The Developing Center On Public Health And InterventionsP20MH071897 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER · PI CAINE, ERIC D. · 2004 to 2009
$2.9M
NIMH INSTITUTIONAL NATIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE AWARDT32MH018911 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER · PI CAINE, ERIC D. · 1988 to 2012
$2.9M
Building Knowledge and Skills in Prevention ImplementersK23MH073615 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER · PI CROSS, WENDI · 2007 to 2011
$876k
NIMH NIH HHS K23 MH073615NIMH NIH HHS MH073615NIMH NIH HHS MH073615-03S1NIMH NIH HHS P20 MH071897NIMH NIH HHS T32 MH018911
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Suicide is the third leading cause of death among 10-24-year-olds and the target of school-based prevention efforts. Gatekeeper training, a broadly disseminated prevention strategy, has been found to enhance participant knowledge and attitudes about intervening with distressed youth. Although the goal of training is the development of gatekeeper skills to intervene with at-risk youth, the impact on skills and use of training is less known. Brief gatekeeper training programs are largely educational and do not employ active learning strategies such as behavioral rehearsal through role play practice to assist skill development. In this study, we compare gatekeeper training as usual with training plus brief behavioral rehearsal (i.e., role play practice) on a variety of learning outcomes after training and at follow-up for 91 school staff and 56 parents in a school community. We found few differences between school staff and parent participants. Both training conditions resulted in enhanced knowledge and attitudes, and almost all participants spread gatekeeper training information to others in their network. Rigorous standardized patient and observational methods showed behavioral rehearsal with role play practice resulted in higher total gatekeeper skill scores immediately after training and at follow-up. Both conditions, however, showed decrements at follow-up. Strategies to strengthen and maintain gatekeeper skills over time are discussed.

Indexed as

Health Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeProgram DevelopmentSuicide PreventionAdolescentAdultAgedAnalysis of VarianceChildChi-Square DistributionCommunity ParticipationEducational MeasurementEducational StatusFemaleHumansInservice TrainingMale

Identifiers

PMID21814869
PMCPMC3249637
OpenAlexW1964807676

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.