ArticleThe Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience2011
Two transcription factors can direct three photoreceptor outcomes from rod precursor cells in mouse retinal development.
Article in The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 68 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
68 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 97 citations in OpenAlex.
- American Thyroid Association Guide to investigating thyroid hormone economy and action in rodent and cell models.Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association · 2014Guideline
- Identification and enrichment of human retinal organoid-derived red/green cone-competent precursors with enhanced axon dynamics.Stem cell research & therapy · 2026Article
- The human THRB thyroid hormone receptor gene and the puzzle of retinal disease phenotypes.Developmental biology · 2026Review
- Stress Responsive bZIP Transcription Factors ATF4 and BACH1 Cooperate With MAF-Family bZIP Protein NRL to Fine-Tune Rod Photoreceptor Gene Expression.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Article
- Deep-sea fish reveal an alternative developmental trajectory for vertebrate vision.Science advances · 2026Article
- DIO3 coordinates photoreceptor development timing and fate stability in human retinal organoids.Genes & development · 2026Article
- Exceptional Visual-Opsin Coexpression and Phenotypic Diversity in Outer-Retinal Photoreceptors of Caenophidian Snakes.The Journal of comparative neurology · 2025Article
- Article
- Thyroid hormone signaling in ocular development and diseases.Biological research · 2025Review
- Differentiation versus dysfunction: thyroid hormone, deiodinases and retinal photoreceptors.European thyroid journal · 2025Review
- Enhanced Transcriptional Activation in Developing Mouse Photoreceptors.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Thyroid hormone receptor beta-2 (TRβ2) overexpression modulates photoreceptor phenotype diversity in a ligand-dependent manner.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Article
- Thyroid Hormone Signaling in Retinal Development and Function: Implications for Diabetic Retinopathy and Age-Related Macular Degeneration.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology CXIII: Nuclear Receptor Superfamily-Update 2023.Pharmacological reviews · 2023Review
- Potential therapeutic targets for age-related macular degeneration: The nuclear option.Progress in retinal and eye research · 2023Review
- Protein kinase CK2 modulates the activity of Maf-family bZIP transcription factor NRL in rod photoreceptors of mammalian retina.Human molecular genetics · 2023Article
- Noncoding Mutations in a Thyroid Hormone Receptor Gene That Impair Cone Photoreceptor Function.Endocrinology · 2023Article
- The role of epigenetic methylation/demethylation in the regulation of retinal photoreceptors.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2023Review
- Disease-causing mutations in genes encoding transcription factors critical for photoreceptor development.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2023Review
- Biphasic expression of thyroid hormone receptor TRβ1 in mammalian retina and anterior ocular tissues.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
8 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The typical mammalian visual system is based upon three photoreceptor types: rods for dim light vision and two types of cones (M and S) for color vision in daylight. However, the process that generates photoreceptor diversity and the cell type in which diversity arises remain unclear. Mice deleted for thyroid hormone receptor β2 (TRβ2) and neural retina leucine zipper factor (NRL) lack M cones and rods, respectively, but gain S cones. We therefore tested the hypothesis that NRL and TRβ2 direct a common precursor to a rod, M cone, or S cone outcome using Nrl(b2/b2) "knock-in" mice that express TRβ2 instead of NRL from the endogenous Nrl gene. Nrl(b2/b2) mice lacked rods and produced excess M cones in contrast to the excess S cones in Nrl(-/-) mice. Notably, the presence of both factors yielded rods in Nrl(+/b2) mice. The results demonstrate innate plasticity in postmitotic rod precursors that allows these cells to form three functional photoreceptor types in response to NRL or TRβ2. We also detected precursor cells in normal embryonic retina that transiently coexpressed Nrl and TRβ2, suggesting that some precursors may originate in a plastic state. The plasticity of the precursors revealed in Nrl(b2/b2) mice suggests that a two-step transcriptional switch can direct three photoreceptor fates: first, rod versus cone identity dictated by NRL, and second, if NRL fails to act, M versus S cone identity dictated by TRβ2.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.