ArticleFrontiers in behavioral neuroscience2011
Bi-directional effect of increasing doses of baclofen on reinforcement learning.
Article in Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- GABA Supplementation Negatively Affects Cognitive Flexibility Independent of Tyrosine.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Article
- Baclofen to Prevent Relapse in Gamma-Hydroxybutyrate (GHB)-Dependent Patients: A Multicentre, Open-Label, Non-Randomized, Controlled Trial.CNS drugs · 2018Article
- A Review of the Potential Mechanisms of Action of Baclofen in Alcohol Use Disorder.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2018Review
- Gambling disorder: a side effect of an off-label prescription of baclofen-literature review.BMJ case reports · 2017Review
- Article
- Baclofen as relapse prevention in the treatment of Gamma- Hydroxybutyrate (GHB) dependence: an open label study.BMC psychiatry · 2015Article
- Comparison of the effects of the GABAB receptor positive modulator BHF177 and the GABAB receptor agonist baclofen on anxiety-like behavior, learning, and memory in mice.Neuropharmacology · 2013Article
- Acute cocaine induced deficits in cognitive performance in rhesus macaque monkeys treated with baclofen.Psychopharmacology · 2013Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In rodents as well as in humans, efficient reinforcement learning depends on dopamine (DA) released from ventral tegmental area (VTA) neurons. It has been shown that in brain slices of mice, GABA(B)-receptor agonists at low concentrations increase the firing frequency of VTA-DA neurons, while high concentrations reduce the firing frequency. It remains however elusive whether baclofen can modulate reinforcement learning in humans. Here, in a double-blind study in 34 healthy human volunteers, we tested the effects of a low and a high concentration of oral baclofen, a high affinity GABA(B)-receptor agonist, in a gambling task associated with monetary reward. A low (20 mg) dose of baclofen increased the efficiency of reward-associated learning but had no effect on the avoidance of monetary loss. A high (50 mg) dose of baclofen on the other hand did not affect the learning curve. At the end of the task, subjects who received 20 mg baclofen p.o. were more accurate in choosing the symbol linked to the highest probability of earning money compared to the control group (89.55 ± 1.39 vs. 81.07 ± 1.55%, p = 0.002). Our results support a model where baclofen, at low concentrations, causes a disinhibition of DA neurons, increases DA levels and thus facilitates reinforcement learning.
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