ReviewPharmacology & therapeutics2011
Past, present and future of A(2A) adenosine receptor antagonists in the therapy of Parkinson's disease.
Review in Pharmacology & therapeutics, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 67 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
67 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 184 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Role of DNA Methylation and Histone Modifications in Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Systematic Review.PloS one · 2016Pooled it
- Mechanistic and therapeutic insights into class A GPCR dimers in neuropsychiatric disorders.npj drug discovery · 2026Review
- TTP protects against 6-OHDA-induced dopaminergic neurodegeneration via astrocytic Nrf2/HO-1 activation in cellular and rat models of Parkinson's disease.Metabolic brain disease · 2026Article
- Discovery of novel AMolecular diversity · 2025Article
- Fat-brain axis indicated by mutual impacts between body fat and brain phenotypes.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
- Single-Molecule Insights into GPCR Conformational Landscapes.The Journal of membrane biology · 2025Review
- ACells · 2025Article
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- Caffeine plus haloperidol reduces fatigue in an experimental model of Parkinson's disease - a prospective to APurinergic signalling · 2024Article
- Discovery of a potent, selective, and tumor-suppressing antibody antagonist of adenosine A2A receptor.PloS one · 2024Article
- Neuroprotection afforded by targeting G protein-coupled receptors in heteromers and by heteromer-selective drugs.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Review
- Addressing the Neuroprotective Actions of Coffee in Parkinson's Disease: An Emerging Nutrigenomic Analysis.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- ACurrent medicinal chemistry · 2022Review
- Adenosine-A2A Receptor Pathway in Cancer Immunotherapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Vascular smooth muscle cell dysfunction in neurodegeneration.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022Review
- Emerging roles of dysregulated adenosine homeostasis in brain disorders with a specific focus on neurodegenerative diseases.Journal of biomedical science · 2021Review
- Structure-Guided Design of G-Protein-Coupled Receptor Polypharmacology.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2021Article
- Microglial Adenosine Receptors: From Preconditioning to Modulating the M1/M2 Balance in Activated Cells.Cells · 2021Review
- Pyrazole Scaffold Synthesis, Functionalization, and Applications in Alzheimer's Disease and Parkinson's Disease Treatment (2011-2020).Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Allosteric Interactions between Adenosine AInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
7 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 6 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Several selective antagonists for adenosine A(2A) receptors (A(2A)R) are currently under evaluation in clinical trials (phases I to III) to treat Parkinson's disease, and they will probably soon reach the market. The usefulness of these antagonists has been deduced from studies demonstrating functional interactions between dopamine D₂ and adenosine A(2A) receptors in the basal ganglia. At present it is believed that A(2A)R antagonists can be used in combination with the dopamine precursor L-DOPA to minimize the motor symptoms of Parkinson's patients. However, a considerable body of data indicates that in addition to ameliorating motor symptoms, adenosine A(2A)R antagonists may also prevent neurodegeneration. Despite these promising indications, one further issue must be considered in order to develop fully optimized antiparkinsonian drug therapy, namely the existence of (hetero)dimers/oligomers of G protein-coupled receptors, a topic that is currently the focus of intense debate within the scientific community. Dopamine D₂ receptors (D₂Rs) expressed in the striatum are known to form heteromers with A(2A) adenosine receptors. Thus, the development of heteromer-specific A(2A) receptor antagonists represents a promising strategy for the identification of more selective and safer drugs.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.