Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21803993›Full record

ArticleJournal of bacteriology2011

Structure-based modification of a Clostridium difficile-targeting endolysin affects activity and host range.

Melinda J Mayer, Vasiliki Garefalaki, Rebecca Spoerl, Arjan Narbad, Rob Meijers

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of bacteriology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 83 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
83citing papers in PubMed
2.7field-weighted citation impact, top 10% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

83 citing papers in PubMed, 124 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Characterization of Endolysin LysG77YL fromJournal of microbiology and biotechnology · 2026
    Article
  6. Nanoluciferase-Based Reporters for Clostridioides difficile.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2026
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Recent Advances in Endolysin Engineering.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Review
  10. Article
  11. Endolysin-based biocontrol strategies againstFood science and biotechnology · 2025
    Review
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Review

23 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Melinda J MayerInstitute of Food Research, Colney, Norwich NR4 7UA, United Kingdom. Melinda.Mayer@BBSRC.ac.uk
Vasiliki Garefalaki
Rebecca Spoerl
Arjan Narbad
Rob Meijers
European Molecular Biology Laboratory · DENorwich Research Park · GB

Funding

Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council BBS/E/F/00044453
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Endolysin CD27L causes cell lysis of the pathogen Clostridium difficile, a major cause of nosocomial infection. We report a structural and functional analysis of the catalytic activity of CD27L against C. difficile and other bacterial strains. We show that truncation of the endolysin to the N-terminal domain, CD27L1-179, gave an increased lytic activity against cells of C. difficile, while the C-terminal region, CD27L180-270, failed to produce lysis. CD27L1-179 also has increased activity against other bacterial species that are targeted by the full-length protein and in addition was able to lyse some CD27L-insensitive strains. However, CD27L1-179 retained a measure of specificity, failing to lyse a wide range of bacteria. The use of green fluorescent protein (GFP)-labeled proteins demonstrated that both CD27L and CD27L1-179 bound to C. difficile cell walls. The crystal structure of CD27L1-179 confirms that the enzyme is a zinc-dependent N-acetylmuramoyl-l-alanine amidase. A structure-based sequence analysis allowed us to identify four catalytic residues, a proton relay cascade, and a substrate binding pocket. A BLAST search shows that the closest-related amidases almost exclusively target Clostridia. This implied that the catalytic domain alone contained features that target a specific bacterial species. To test this hypothesis, we modified Leu 98 to a Trp residue which is found in an endolysin from a bacteriophage of Listeria monocytogenes (PlyPSA). This mutation in CD27L resulted in an increased activity against selected serotypes of L. monocytogenes, demonstrating the potential to tune the species specificity of the catalytic domain of an endolysin.

Indexed as

Amino Acid SequenceBacteriophagesCatalytic DomainClostridioides difficileCrystallography, X-RayEndopeptidasesMolecular Sequence DataMutagenesis, Site-DirectedN-Acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine AmidaseProtein Structure, SecondaryProtein Structure, TertiaryViral ProteinsendolysinEndopeptidasesN-Acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine AmidaseViral Proteins

Identifiers

PMID21803993
PMCPMC3187396
OpenAlexW2119225291

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.