Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21802660›Full record

ArticleBiological psychiatry2011

Aberrant frontal lobe maturation in adolescents with fragile X syndrome is related to delayed cognitive maturation.

Signe Bray, Melissa Hirt, Booil Jo, Scott S Hall, Amy A Lightbody, Elizabeth Walter, Kelly Chen, Swetapadma Patnaik, Allan L Reiss

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Biological psychiatry, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
38citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

38 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  11. Developmental studies in fragile X syndrome.Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders · 2020
    Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
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  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Basal ganglia involvement inNeuroImage. Clinical · 2018
    Article
  19. Longitudinal identification of clinically distinct neurophenotypes in young children with fragile X syndrome.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2017
    Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Signe BrayDepartment of Psychiatry, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Melissa Hirt
Booil Jo
Scott S Hall
Amy A Lightbody
Elizabeth Walter
Kelly Chen
Swetapadma Patnaik
Allan L Reiss

Funding

NEUROPSYCHIATRIC-MOLECULAR ASSOCIATIONS IN FRAGILE X SYNR01MH050047 · NIMH · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI REISS, ALLAN L · 1993 to 2022
$12.5M
Longitudinal MRI Study of Brain Development in Fragile XR01MH064708 · NIMH · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI PIVEN, JOSEPH, REISS, ALLAN L · 2002 to 2016
$8.1M
TRAINING FOR CHILD PSYCHIATRY AND CHILD DEVELOPMENTT32MH019908 · NIMH · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI IAN H GOTLIB, DAVID S HONG · 1993 to 2026
$6.3M
NEUROPSYCHIATRY OF FRAGILE X AND OTHER GENETIC DISORDERSK02MH001142 · NIMH · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI REISS, ALLAN L · 1994 to 2003
$615k
NIMH NIH HHS K02 MH001142NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH050047NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH064708NIMH NIH HHS T32 MH019908
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundFragile X syndrome (FXS) is the most common known heritable cause of intellectual disability. Prior studies in FXS have observed a plateau in cognitive and adaptive behavioral development in early adolescence, suggesting that brain development in FXS may diverge from typical development during this period.

methodsIn this study, we examined adolescent brain development using structural magnetic resonance imaging data acquired from 59 individuals with FXS and 83 typically developing control subjects aged 9 to 22, a subset of whom were followed up longitudinally (1-5 years; typically developing: 17, FXS: 19). Regional volumes were modeled to obtain estimates of age-related change.

resultsWe found that while structures such as the caudate showed consistent volume differences from control subjects across adolescence, prefrontal cortex (PFC) gyri showed significantly aberrant maturation. Furthermore, we found that PFC-related measures of cognitive functioning followed a similarly aberrant developmental trajectory in FXS.

conclusionsOur findings suggest that aberrant maturation of the PFC during adolescence may contribute to persistent or increasing intellectual deficits in FXS.

Indexed as

AdolescentAgingChildCognitionFemaleFollow-Up StudiesFragile X SyndromeFrontal LobeHumansImage Processing, Computer-AssistedMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleNeuropsychological TestsPrefrontal CortexYoung Adult

Identifiers

PMID21802660
PMCPMC3191299

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.