ArticleFood and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association2011
Assessment of usnic acid toxicity in rat primary hepatocytes using ¹³C isotopomer distribution analysis of lactate, glutamate and glucose.
Article in Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Natural product as a lead for impairing mitochondrial respiration in cancer cells.Journal of enzyme inhibition and medicinal chemistry · 2025Article
- A Mechanistic Insight into the Anti-Staphylococcal Mode of Action of (+)-Usnic Acid and Its Synergy with Norfloxacin Against Methicillin-ResistantBiomolecules · 2025Article
- Review
- Toxicity of Usnic Acid: A Narrative Review.Journal of toxicology · 2022Review
- Characterization of Sunflower Oil Extracts from the LichenMetabolites · 2020Article
- (+)-Usnic Acid Inhibits Migration of c-KIT Positive Cells in Human Colorectal Cancer.Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2018Article
- Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Store-Operated Calcium Entry Contribute to Usnic Acid-Induced Toxicity in Hepatic Cells.Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology · 2015Article
- The role of autophagy in usnic acid-induced toxicity in hepatic cells.Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology · 2014Article
- 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) supports the growth of aggressive experimental human breast cancer tumors.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2014Article
- Autophagy in drug-induced liver toxicity.Journal of food and drug analysis · 2014Article
- Article
- Addressing the current bottlenecks of metabolomics: Isotopic Ratio Outlier Analysis™, an isotopic-labeling technique for accurate biochemical profiling.Bioanalysis · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The lichen metabolite usnic acid (UA) has been promoted as a dietary supplement for weight loss, although cases of hepatotoxicity have been reported. Here we evaluated UA-associated hepatotoxicity in vitro using isolated rat hepatocytes. We measured cell viability and ATP content to evaluate UA induced cytotoxicity and applied (13)C isotopomer distribution measuring techniques to gain a better understanding of glucose metabolism during cytotoxicity. The cells were exposed to 0, 1, 5 or 10 μM UA concentrations for 2, 6 or 24h. Aliquots of media were collected at the end of these time periods and the (13)C mass isotopomer distribution determined for CO(2), lactate, glucose and glutamate. The 1 μM UA exposure did not appear to cause significant change in cell viability compared to controls. However, the 5 and 10 μM UA concentrations significantly reduced cell viability as exposure time increased. Similar results were obtained for ATP depletion experiments. The 1 and 5 μM UA doses suggest increased oxidative phosphorylation. Conversely, oxidative phosphorylation and gluconeogenesis were dramatically inhibited by 10 μM UA. Augmented oxidative phosphorylation at the lower UA concentrations may be an adaptive response by the cells to compensate for diminished mitochondrial function.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.