ArticleAnnals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology2011
High environmental relative moldiness index during infancy as a predictor of asthma at 7 years of age.
Article in Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 71 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
71 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 153 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review of associations between environmental exposures and development of asthma in children aged up to 9 years.BMJ open · 2014Pooled it
- Residential dampness and molds and the risk of developing asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2012Pooled it
- Differences in socio-demographic and environmental exposures at home vs. school in the ECHO cohort.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2026Article
- Review
- Race-Specific and Race-Neutral Equations for Lung Function and Asthma Diagnosis in Black Children.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Lower Arginine Bioavailability, Increased FeNO Levels, and Airway Resistance on Impulse Oscillometry Are Characteristics of Asthma in Children and Young Adults with Sickle Cell Disease.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Article
- Reduced prevalence of childhood asthma after housing renovations in an underresourced community.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. Global · 2023Article
- HEPA filtration intervention in classrooms may improve some students' asthma.The Journal of asthma : official journal of the Association for the Care of Asthma · 2023Article
- Bioaerosol and microbial exposures from residential evaporative coolers and their potential health outcomes: A review.Indoor air · 2022Review
- Indoor Household Exposures and Associated Morbidity and Mortality Outcomes in Children and Adults in South Africa.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Review
- Characterization of fungal exposure and dectin-1 expression in healthy horses and horses with severe asthma.American journal of veterinary research · 2022Article
- Household mold exposure interacts with inflammation-related genetic variants on childhood asthma: a case-control study.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2021Article
- Household mold, pesticide use, and childhood asthma: A nationwide study in the U.S.International journal of hygiene and environmental health · 2021Article
- Article
- Asthma Prevalence and Mold Levels in US Northeastern Schools.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice · 2021Article
- The Environmental Relative Moldiness Index reveals changes in mold contamination in United States homes over time.Journal of occupational and environmental hygiene · 2021Article
- Exposure to traffic-related air pollution and bacterial diversity in the lower respiratory tract of children.PloS one · 2021Article
- Indoor Microbial Exposures and Chronic Lung Disease: From Microbial Toxins to the Microbiome.Clinics in chest medicine · 2020Review
- Quantitative and semiquantitative estimates of mold exposure in infancy and childhood respiratory health.Environmental epidemiology (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2020Article
- Use of the Pediatric Asthma Risk Score to predict allergic and nonallergic asthma.Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology · 2020Article
11 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMold exposures may contribute to the development of asthma, but previous studies have lacked a standardized approach to quantifying exposures.
objectiveTo determine whether mold exposures at the ages of 1 and/or 7 years were associated with asthma at the age of 7 years.
methodsThis study followed up a high-risk birth cohort from infancy to 7 years of age. Mold was assessed by a DNA-based analysis for the 36 molds that make up the Environmental Relative Moldiness Index (ERMI) at the ages of 1 and 7 years. At the age of 7 years, children were evaluated for allergic sensitization and asthma based on symptom history, spirometry, exhaled nitric oxide, and airway reversibility. A questionnaire was administered to the parent regarding the child's asthma symptoms and other potential cofactors.
resultsAt the age of 7 years, 31 of 176 children (18%) were found to be asthmatic. Children living in a high ERMI value (≥5.2) home at 1 year of age had more than twice the risk of developing asthma than those in low ERMI value homes (<5.2) (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 2.6; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.10-6.26). Of the other covariates, only parental asthma (aOR, 4.0; 95% CI, 1.69-9.62) and allergic sensitization to house dust mite (aOR, 4.1; 95% CI, 1.55-11.07) were risk factors for asthma development. In contrast, air-conditioning at home reduced the risk of asthma development (aOR, 0.3; 95% CI, 0.14-0.83). A high ERMI value at 7 years of age was not associated with asthma at 7 years of age.
conclusionsEarly exposure to molds as measured by ERMI at 1 year of age, but not 7 years of age, significantly increased the risk for asthma at 7 years of age.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.