Trial reportBMC neurology2011
Effectiveness and costs of phototest in dementia and cognitive impairment screening.
Trial report in BMC neurology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) for the detection of dementia in clinically unevaluated people aged 65 and over in community and primary care populations.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2016Pooled it
- GOIZ ZAINDU study: a FINGER-like multidomain lifestyle intervention feasibility randomized trial to prevent dementia in Southern Europe.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2024Trial
- Comparison of the Diagnostic Accuracy of Five Cognitive Screening Tests for Diagnosing Mild Cognitive Impairment in Patients Consulting for Memory Loss.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Evaluating the feasibility of cognitive impairment detection in Alzheimer's disease screening using a computerized visual dynamic test.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2023Article
- A Diagnostic Test Accuracy Study Investigating General Practitioner Clinical Impression and Brief Cognitive Assessments for Dementia in Primary Care, Compared to Specialized Assessment.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2023Article
- The Utility of Cognitive Screeners in the Detection of Dementia Spectrum Disorders in Spanish-Speaking Populations.Journal of geriatric psychiatry and neurology · 2021Review
- Development of the Reading Cognitive Test Kyoto (ReaCT Kyoto) for Early Detection of Cognitive Decline in Patients with Hearing Loss.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2020Article
- A novel language-neutral Visual Cognitive Assessment Test (VCAT): validation in four Southeast Asian countries.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2018Article
- Memory Alteration Test to Detect Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment and Early Alzheimer's Dementia in Population with Low Educational Level.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2017Article
- The comparative diagnostic accuracy of the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the General Practitioner assessment of Cognition (GPCOG) for identifying dementia in primary care: a systematic review protocol.Diagnostic and prognostic research · 2017Article
- Towards improving diagnosis of memory loss in general practice: TIMeLi diagnostic test accuracy study protocol.BMC family practice · 2016Article
- Optimizing the use of expert panel reference diagnoses in diagnostic studies of multidimensional syndromes.BMC neurology · 2014Article
- [Effectiveness of the Mini-Mental State for detection of cognitive impairment in primary care].Atencion primaria · 2013Article
- Assessing the diagnostic accuracy (DA) of the Spanish version of the informant-based AD8 questionnaire.Neurologia (Barcelona, Spain) · 2013Article
- Utility of the mini-cog for detection of cognitive impairment in primary care: data from two spanish studies.International journal of Alzheimer's disease · 2013Article
- Picture-based memory impairment screen for dementia.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2012Article
- Article
- Economic evaluations of strategies targeting pre-diagnosis dementia populations: A systematic review.Alzheimer's & dementia (New York, N. Y.)Review
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of the diagnostic accuracy of the Phototest for cognitive impairment and dementia.Dementia & neuropsychologiaArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTo assess and compare the effectiveness and costs of Phototest, Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), and Memory Impairment Screen (MIS) to screen for dementia (DEM) and cognitive impairment (CI).
methodsA phase III study was conducted over one year in consecutive patients with suspicion of CI or DEM at four Primary Care (PC) centers. After undergoing all screening tests at the PC center, participants were extensively evaluated by researchers blinded to screening test results in a Cognitive-Behavioral Neurology Unit (CBNU). The gold standard diagnosis was established by consensus of expert neurologists. Effectiveness was assessed by the proportion of correct diagnoses (diagnostic accuracy [DA]) and by the kappa index of concordance between test results and gold standard diagnoses. Costs were based on public prices and hospital accounts.
resultsThe study included 140 subjects (48 with DEM, 37 with CI without DEM, and 55 without CI). The MIS could not be applied to 23 illiterate subjects (16.4%). For DEM, the maximum effectiveness of the MMSE was obtained with different cutoff points as a function of educational level [k = 0.31 (95% Confidence interval [95%CI], 0.19-0.43), DA = 0.60 (95%CI, 0.52-0.68)], and that of the MIS with a cutoff of 3/4 [k = 0.63 (95%CI, 0.48-0.78), DA = 0.83 (95%CI, 0.80-0.92)]. Effectiveness of the Phototest [k = 0.71 (95%CI, 0.59-0.83), DA = 0.87 (95%CI, 0.80-0.92)] was similar to that of the MIS and higher than that of the MMSE. Costs were higher with MMSE (275.9 ± 193.3€ [mean ± sd euros]) than with Phototest (208.2 ± 196.8€) or MIS (201.3 ± 193.4€), whose costs did not significantly differ. For CI, the effectiveness did not significantly differ between MIS [k = 0.59 (95%CI, 0.45-0.74), DA = 0.79 (95%CI, 0.64-0.97)] and Phototest [k = 0.58 (95%CI, 0.45-0.74), DA = 0.78 (95%CI, 0.64-0.95)] and was lowest for the MMSE [k = 0.27 (95%CI, 0.09-0.45), DA = 0.69 (95%CI, 0.56-0.84)]. Costs were higher for MMSE (393.4 ± 121.8€) than for Phototest (287.0 ± 197.4€) or MIS (300.1 ± 165.6€), whose costs did not significantly differ.
conclusionMMSE is not an effective instrument in our setting. For both DEM and CI, the Phototest and MIS are more effective and less costly, with no difference between them. However, MIS could not be applied to the appreciable percentage of our population who were illiterate.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.