Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21798967›Full record

ArticleBMJ (Clinical research ed.)2011

Effectiveness and cost effectiveness of cardiovascular disease prevention in whole populations: modelling study.

Pelham Barton, Lazaros Andronis, Andrew Briggs, Klim McPherson, Simon Capewell

Registry-linked trialOpen access · hybridAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03201523 (Evaluation of a Socio-ecological Cardiovascular Disease Prevention Intervention for Ultra-Orthodox Jewish Hasidic Women Using a Participatory Approach), which is not on this map. Cited by 79 papers, 12 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
79citing papers in PubMed, 12 pooled it
18.5field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT03201523 naunknown statusnot on this mapstarted 2013, after this paper: background citation

Evaluation of a Socio-ecological Cardiovascular Disease Prevention Intervention for Ultra-Orthodox Jewish Hasidic Women Using a Participatory Approach

TypeinterventionalSponsorHadassah Medical OrganizationRan2013 to 2025Enrolled239ConditionsCardiovascular Diseases, Health BehaviorArmsSocio-ecologial, community-based intervention
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

79 citing papers in PubMed, 12 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 191 citations in OpenAlex.

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  6. Systematic review of dietary trans-fat reduction interventions.Bulletin of the World Health Organization · 2017
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  12. Dietary advice for reducing cardiovascular risk.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2013
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19 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Pelham BartonHealth Economics Unit, Public Health Building, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK. p.m.barton@bham.ac.uk
Lazaros Andronis
Andrew Briggs
Klim McPherson
Simon Capewell
University of Birmingham · GBUniversity of Glasgow · GBUniversity of Oxford · GB

Funding

Medical Research Council G0900847
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo estimate the potential cost effectiveness of a population-wide risk factor reduction programme aimed at preventing cardiovascular disease.

designEconomic modelling analysis.

settingEngland and Wales. Population Entire population. Model Spreadsheet model to quantify the reduction in cardiovascular disease over a decade, assuming the benefits apply consistently for men and women across age and risk groups.

main outcome measuresCardiovascular events avoided, quality adjusted life years gained, and savings in healthcare costs for a given effectiveness; estimates of how much it would be worth spending to achieve a specific outcome.

resultsA programme across the entire population of England and Wales (about 50 million people) that reduced cardiovascular events by just 1% would result in savings to the health service worth at least £30m (€34m; $48m) a year compared with no additional intervention. Reducing mean cholesterol concentrations or blood pressure levels in the population by 5% (as already achieved by similar interventions in some other countries) would result in annual savings worth at least £80m to £100m. Legislation or other measures to reduce dietary salt intake by 3 g/day (current mean intake approximately 8.5 g/day) would prevent approximately 30,000 cardiovascular events, with savings worth at least £40m a year. Legislation to reduce intake of industrial trans fatty acid by approximately 0.5% of total energy content might gain around 570,000 life years and generate NHS savings worth at least £230m a year.

conclusionsAny intervention that achieved even a modest population-wide reduction in any major cardiovascular risk factor would produce a net cost saving to the NHS, as well as improving health. Given the conservative assumptions used in this model, the true benefits would probably be greater.

Indexed as

AdultAgedAge DistributionCardiovascular DiseasesCost-Benefit AnalysisCost of IllnessCost SavingsDietary FatsEnglandFemaleFood IndustryHealth PolicyHumansHypercholesterolemiaHypertensionLegislation, FoodDietary FatsSodium Chloride, Dietary

Identifiers

PMID21798967
PMCPMC3145836
OpenAlexW2029030193

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.