Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21795888›Full record

Trial reportThe Journal of trauma2011

Virtual reality pain control during burn wound debridement of combat-related burn injuries using robot-like arm mounted VR goggles.

Christopher V Maani, Hunter G Hoffman, Michelle Morrow, Alan Maiers, Kathryn Gaylord, Laura L McGhee, Peter A DeSocio

2 registry-linked trialsOpen access · greenAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in The Journal of trauma, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 75 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
75citing papers in PubMed, 6 pooled it
7.1field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT03740607 naunknown statusnot on this mapstarted 2019, after this paper: background citation

Virtual Reality for Alleviation of Peripheral IV Placement-Associated Discomfort

TypeinterventionalSponsorBrooke Army Medical CenterRan2019 to 2022Enrolled100ConditionsProcedural Anxiety, Procedural Pain, Perioperative CareArmsVirtual reality, Peripheral intravenous catheter placement
NCT05032456 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2020, after this paper: background citation

Immersive Virtual Reality Improves Satisfaction In Laboring Women

TypeinterventionalSponsorBahçeşehir UniversityRan2020 to 2021Enrolled42ConditionsLabor PainArmsOculus Quest All-in-one VR Gaming Headset (128 GB) VR system
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

75 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 201 citations in OpenAlex.

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  4. A Systematic Review of Virtual Reality Therapeutics for Acute Pain Management.Pain management nursing : official journal of the American Society of Pain Management Nurses · 2022
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15 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Christopher V MaaniUS Army Institute of Surgical Research, Brooke Army Medical Center, Fort Sam, Houston, Texas, USA. christopher.maani@us.army.mil
Hunter G Hoffman
Michelle Morrow
Alan Maiers
Kathryn Gaylord
Laura L McGhee
Peter A DeSocio
United States Army Institute of Surgical Research · US

Funding

OPTIMIZING THE CONTROL OF PAIN FROM SEVERE BURNSR01GM042725 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI PATTERSON, DAVID R · 1990 to 2018
$7.5M
Controlling Pain After TraumaR01AR054115 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI PATTERSON, DAVID R · 2007 to 2017
$4.6M
Virtual Reality Analgesia for Rehabilitation in ChildrenR21HD040954 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI SHARAR, SAM R · 2001 to 2003
$683k
NIAMS NIH HHS 1R01AR054115-01A1NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR054115NICHD NIH HHS HD40954-01NICHD NIH HHS R21 HD040954NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM042725NIGMS NIH HHS R01GM042725-17A1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThis is the first controlled study to explore whether adjunctive immersive virtual reality (VR) can reduce excessive pain of soldiers with combat-related burn injuries during wound debridement.

methodsPatients were US soldiers burned in combat attacks involving explosive devices in Iraq or Afghanistan. During the same wound care session using a within-subject experimental design, 12 patients received half of their severe burn wound cleaning procedure (~6 minutes) with standard of care pharmacologies and half while in VR (treatment order randomized). Three 0 to 10 Graphic Rating Scale pain scores for each of the treatment conditions served as the primary variables.

resultsPatients reported significantly less pain when distracted with VR. "Worst pain" (pain intensity) dropped from 6.25 of 10 to 4.50 of 10. "Pain unpleasantness" ratings dropped from "moderate" (6.25 of 10) to "mild" (2.83 of 10). "Time spent thinking about pain" dropped from 76% during no VR to 22% during VR. Patients rated "no VR" as "no fun at all" (<1 of 10) and rated VR as "pretty fun" (7.5 of 10). Follow-up analyses showed VR was especially effective for the six patients who scored 7 of 10 or higher (severe to excruciating) on the "worst pain" (pain intensity) ratings.

conclusionsThese preliminary results provide the first evidence from a controlled study that adjunctive immersive VR reduced pain of patients with combat-related burn injuries during severe burn wound debridement. Pain reduction during VR was greatest in patients with the highest pain during no VR. These patients were the first to use a unique custom robot-like arm mounted VR goggle system.

Indexed as

Pain ManagementUser-Computer InterfaceAdultAfghan Campaign 2001-BurnsDebridementEyeglassesHumansIraq War, 2003-2011MaleMilitary PersonnelPain MeasurementRoboticsYoung Adult

Identifiers

PMID21795888
PMCPMC4460976
OpenAlexW2048916528

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.