Trial reportClinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research2011
Interleukin-6 as a therapeutic target in human ovarian cancer.
Trial report in Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 217 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
217 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 383 citations in OpenAlex.
- High mRNA expression level of IL-6R was associated with better prognosis for patients with ovarian cancer: a pooled meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2017Pooled it
- Association among Dietary Flavonoids, Flavonoid Subclasses and Ovarian Cancer Risk: A Meta-Analysis.PloS one · 2016Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Phase I study of capecitabine, oxaliplatin, bevacizumab, and everolimus in advanced solid tumors.Investigational new drugs · 2014Trial
- Platelet-derived growth factor-C (PDGF-C) induces anti-apoptotic effects on macrophages through Akt and Bad phosphorylation.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2014Trial
- E-cadherin-driven interleukin-6 expression promotes autophagy-mediated platinum resistance in ovarian clear cell carcinoma.Cancer gene therapy · 2026Article
- Review
- Integrated Evaluation of the Synergistic Antitumor Effects of Thymoquinone and Docetaxel in Ovarian Cancer Cells: Apoptosis, Oxidative Stress, and 3D Spheroid Responses.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Chemotherapy Enrichment of ID Family Expression Is Associated with IL-6 Signaling in Ovarian Cancer.Cancers · 2026Article
- Ferroptosis as a novel targeted therapy in gynecological malignant tumors.Discover oncology · 2026Review
- m6A-dependent translation of circPICALM encodes a novel metastasis-promoting oncoprotein in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.Molecular cancer · 2026Article
- Cell-intrinsic and tumor microenvironmental determinants of platinum resistance in epithelial ovarian cancer.Discover oncology · 2026Review
- Article
- The role of cytokines in ovarian cancer drug resistance.International journal of cancer · 2026Review
- Toxoplasma gondii as a drug for anti-tumor immunotherapy: mechanisms, challenges, and perspectives.Parasite (Paris, France) · 2026Review
- Tumor-mediated remote regulation of peripheral blood platelets.Cell biology and toxicology · 2025Review
- A temporal model of tumor-immune dynamics during the metastatic progression of high-grade serous ovarian cancer.NPJ precision oncology · 2025Article
- The Overlapping Biology of Sepsis and Cancer and Therapeutic Implications.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Mechanisms of apoptosis-related non-coding RNAs in ovarian cancer: a narrative review.Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death · 2025Review
- APOBEC3A drives ovarian cancer metastasis by altering epithelial-mesenchymal transition.JCI insight · 2025Article
157 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
19 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
purposeWe investigated whether inhibition of interleukin 6 (IL-6) has therapeutic activity in ovarian cancer via abrogation of a tumor-promoting cytokine network. EXPERIMENTAL
designWe combined preclinical and in silico experiments with a phase 2 clinical trial of the anti-IL-6 antibody siltuximab in patients with platinum-resistant ovarian cancer.
resultsAutomated immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays from 221 ovarian cancer cases showed that intensity of IL-6 staining in malignant cells significantly associated with poor prognosis. Treatment of ovarian cancer cells with siltuximab reduced constitutive cytokine and chemokine production and also inhibited IL-6 signaling, tumor growth, the tumor-associated macrophage infiltrate and angiogenesis in IL-6-producing intraperitoneal ovarian cancer xenografts. In the clinical trial, the primary endpoint was response rate as assessed by combined RECIST and CA125 criteria. One patient of eighteen evaluable had a partial response, while seven others had periods of disease stabilization. In patients treated for 6 months, there was a significant decline in plasma levels of IL-6-regulated CCL2, CXCL12, and VEGF. Gene expression levels of factors that were reduced by siltuximab treatment in the patients significantly correlated with high IL-6 pathway gene expression and macrophage markers in microarray analyses of ovarian cancer biopsies.
conclusionIL-6 stimulates inflammatory cytokine production, tumor angiogenesis, and the tumor macrophage infiltrate in ovarian cancer and these actions can be inhibited by a neutralizing anti-IL-6 antibody in preclinical and clinical studies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.