Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21795341›Full record

ArticleJournal of virology2011

Molecular evolution analysis of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope in simian/human immunodeficiency virus-infected macaques: implications for challenge dose selection.

Mariana Varela, Lisa Landskron, Rachel P J Lai, Trevelyan J McKinley, Willy M Bogers, Ernst J Verschoor, Rob Dubbes, Susan W Barnett, Simon D W Frost, Jonathan L Heeney

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of virology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed
1.5field-weighted citation impact, top 20% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.

Mariana VarelaDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. Mariana.varela@glasgow.ac.uk
Lisa Landskron
Rachel P J Lai
Trevelyan J McKinley
Willy M Bogers
Ernst J Verschoor
Rob Dubbes
Susan W Barnett
Simon D W Frost
Jonathan L Heeney
University of Cambridge · GBBiomedical Primate Research Centre · NLNovartis (United States) · US

Funding

NIAID NIH HHS 1P01AI06628Wellcome Trust
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Since the demonstration that almost 80% of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infections result from the transmission of a single variant from the donor, biological features similar to those of HIV mucosal transmission have been reported for macaques inoculated with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). Here we describe the early diversification events and the impact of challenge doses on viral kinetics and on the number of variants transmitted in macaques infected with the chimeric simian/human immunodeficiency virus SHIV(sf162p4). We show that there is a correlation between the dose administered and the number of variants transmitted and that certain inoculum variants are preferentially transmitted. This could provide insight into the viral determinants of transmission and could aid in vaccine development. Challenge through the mucosal route with high doses results in the transmission of multiple variants in all the animals. Such an unrealistic scenario could underestimate potential intervention measures. We thus propose the use of molecular evolution analysis to aid in the determination of challenge doses that better mimic the transmission dynamics seen in natural HIV-1 infection.

Indexed as

Evolution, MolecularAnimalsCluster Analysisenv Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency VirusGenotypeHIV-1MacacaMolecular Sequence DataSequence Analysis, DNASimian Acquired Immunodeficiency SyndromeSimian Immunodeficiency VirusVirulenceenv Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Identifiers

PMID21795341
PMCPMC3196462
OpenAlexW2099109936

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.