ArticleEuropean archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience2012
General and domain-specific neurocognitive impairments in deficit and non-deficit schizophrenia.
Article in European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- From Memories of Past Experiences to Present Motivation? A Meta-analysis on the Association Between Episodic Memory and Negative Symptoms in People With Psychosis.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2022Pooled it
- Memory and learning impairments in deficit and non-deficit schizophrenia: a scoping review.Postepy psychiatrii neurologii · 2026Review
- The role of prefrontal-hippocampal functional connectivity in schizophrenia-related cognitive dysfunction and the thalamic ventral midline involvement:Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025Review
- Polygenic effects on brain functional endophenotype for deficit and non-deficit schizophrenia.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- Lack of correlation between hippocampal substructure atrophy and attention dysfunction in deficit schizophrenia.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2023Article
- Cognitive Dysfunctions Measured with the MCCB in Deficit and Non-Deficit Schizophrenia.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- The Role of Two Factors of Negative Symptoms and Cognition on Social Functioning in Male Patients with Schizophrenia: A Mediator Model.Brain sciences · 2023Article
- Differences in inflammatory marker profiles and cognitive functioning between deficit and nondeficit schizophrenia.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Eye movement characteristics in male patients with deficit and non-deficit schizophrenia and their relationships with psychiatric symptoms and cognitive function.BMC neuroscience · 2021Article
- Executive Dysfunctions in Schizophrenia: A Critical Review of Traditional, Ecological, and Virtual Reality Assessments.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Review
- Altered Patterns of the Fractional Amplitude of Low-Frequency Fluctuation and Functional Connectivity Between Deficit and Non-Deficit Schizophrenia.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2019Article
- Mapping Convergent and Divergent Cortical Thinning Patterns in Patients With Deficit and Nondeficit Schizophrenia.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2019Article
- Convergence and Divergence of Brain Network Dysfunction in Deficit and Non-deficit Schizophrenia.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2017Article
- Primary, Enduring Negative Symptoms: An Update on Research.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2017Review
- Neuropsychological Profile of Specific Executive Dysfunctions in Patients with Deficit and Non-deficit Schizophrenia.Frontiers in psychology · 2017Article
- Neurocognitive impairment in the deficit subtype of schizophrenia.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2016Article
- Gray matter volume alterations in first-episode drug-naïve patients with deficit and nondeficit schizophrenia.Psychiatry research · 2015Article
- Article
- Cluster analysis of cognitive deficits may mark heterogeneity in schizophrenia in terms of outcome and response to treatment.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2014Article
- Executive functioning and psychopathological profile in relatives of individuals with deficit v. non-deficit schizophrenia: a pilot study.Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences · 2014Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Earlier studies suggested more severe overall cognitive impairments in deficit versus non-deficit schizophrenia; however, the specific contribution of different cognitive domains to this overall cognitive impairment remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to compare the two subtypes in general cognitive functioning as well as in individual cognitive domains using the composite score approach. One hundred and forty-three patients fulfilling the criteria for the deficit syndrome were compared with 123 patients diagnosed with non-deficit schizophrenia. Neurocognitive functioning was assessed by a neuropsychological test battery measuring the domains of sustained vigilance/attention, working memory, short-term memory, verbal memory, cognitive flexibility, and ideation fluency. Using the raw neuropsychological measures, we calculated a global index of cognitive impairment and domain-specific composite z-scores. Association between these composite scores and the deficit syndrome was examined by logistic regression analysis. After adjusting for relevant covariates including sex, age, education, smoking, and antipsychotic dose, results indicated a significant increase in the likelihood of deficit syndrome as a function of global (OR = 5.40; 95% CI 3.02-9.65) as well as domain-specific impairments (OR > 2 for all individual domains except for short-term memory). Cognitive flexibility was an independent predictor (OR = 2.92; 95% CI 1.47-5.80), whereas other cognitive domains demonstrated no unique contribution to the general cognitive impairment. Patients with deficit schizophrenia suffer from a more severe degree of neurocognitive impairment, which is qualitatively similar to the dysfunction seen in non-deficit schizophrenia. However, our results indicate that cognitive flexibility is specifically impaired in deficit versus non-deficit patients and may therefore represent a core feature of this subtype.
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