ArticlePloS one2011
Risk of all-cause mortality in HIV infected patients is associated with clinical, immunologic predictors and the CCR5 Δ32 deletion.
Article in PloS one, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hepatitis C coinfection adversely affects the life expectancy of people living with HIV in northwestern Poland.Archives of medical science : AMS · 2018Article
- HIV-1 subtype D infections among Caucasians from Northwestern Poland--phylogenetic and clinical analysis.PloS one · 2012Article
- Risk of HIV Infection and Lethality Are Decreased in CCR5del32 Heterozygotes: Focus Nosocomial Infection Study and Meta-analysis.Acta naturae · 2012Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveInvestigation of the interplay between the CCR5 Δ32/wt genotype and demographic, epidemiological, clinical and immunological factors associated with mortality in the cART era.
designLongitudinal data from 507 HIV-infected patients following the Δ32 allele detection were analyzed.
methodsCumulative 15 years mortality was calculated using Kaplan-Meyer methodology. Hazard ratios were estimated using univariate Cox models. Basing on Akakie information criteria and statistical significance multivariate Cox model was constructed and effect plots presenting adjusted hazard ratio time-dependency were drawn. Analysis of the association of all-cause mortality and CCR5 Δ32/wt genotype prior to the antiretroviral treatment (cART) initiation (n = 507) and on the therapy (n = 422) was also performed.
resultsA mortality rate of 2.66 (CI 2.57-3.19) per 100 person-years was observed. Univariate analysis factors modifying the risk of death included the CCR5 genotype, gender, history of cART, AIDS diagnosis and also CD4 lymphocyte nadir, zenith, the latest CD4 count and stable levels >500 cells/µl. For multivariate analysis the following predictors were selected: CCR5 genotype (HR for wt/wt 2.53, CI 1.16-5.53, p = 0.02), gender (HR for males 1.91, 95%CI 1.1-3.36, p = 0.023), introduction of combined antiretroviral treatment (HR 4.85, CI 3.0-7.89, if untreated or treated <1 month, p<0.0001) CD4 count of 500 cells/µl for six months or more (HR 4.16, CI 1.95-8.88 if not achieved, p = 0.028), the latest CD4 count (HR 5.44, CI 3.39-8.74 for <100 cells/µl, p<0.0001) and history of AIDS (HR 1.69, CI 1.03-2.79, p = 0.039). Among untreated individuals the Δ32/wt genotype was associated with notably better survival (p = 0.026), while among cART treated individuals the Δ32 mutation did not correlate significantly with higher survival rates (p = 0.23).
conclusionsThe Δ32 CCR5 allele is associated with a reduction of the risk of all-cause mortality in HIV (+) patients alongside clinical and immunologic predictors such as AIDS, history of cART, lymphocyte CD4 cell count and gender.
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