Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21784998›Full record

ArticleEukaryotic cell2011

Cell wall chitosan is necessary for virulence in the opportunistic pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans.

Lorina G Baker, Charles A Specht, Jennifer K Lodge

Open access · diamondAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Eukaryotic cell, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 82 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
82citing papers in PubMed
3.6field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

82 citing papers in PubMed, 130 citations in OpenAlex.

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  7. A review of the current anti-New microbes and new infections · 2026
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  14. Peripheral blood CD4The Journal of infection · 2025
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  15. Evolutionary uniqueeLife · 2025
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. State of the Field: Cytotoxic Immune Cell Responses inJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024
    Review
  20. Article

22 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Lorina G BakerDepartment of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Avenue, Campus Box 8230, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA.
Charles A Specht
Jennifer K Lodge
Washington University in St. Louis · USUniversity of Massachusetts Chan Medical School · US

Funding

Signal transduction in C. neoformansR01AI050184 · NIAID · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI LODGE, JENNIFER K. · 2002 to 2012
$3.7M
Chitosan in CryptococcusR01AI072195 · NIAID · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI LODGE, JENNIFER K. · 2008 to 2018
$3.5M
NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI050184NIAID NIH HHS R01AI050184NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI072195NIAID NIH HHS R01AI072195
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cryptococcus neoformans is an opportunistic fungal pathogen that causes meningoencephalitis. Its cell wall is composed of glucans, proteins, chitin, and chitosan. Multiple genetic approaches have defined a chitosan-deficient syndrome that includes slow growth and decreased cell integrity. Here we demonstrate chitosan is necessary for virulence and persistence in the mammalian host.

Indexed as

AnimalsCell WallChitinChitosanCryptococcosisCryptococcus neoformansFungal ProteinsGene Expression Regulation, FungalGlucansMiceMutationVirulenceChitinChitosanFungal ProteinsGlucans

Identifiers

PMID21784998
PMCPMC3187048
OpenAlexW2168478752

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.