Trial reportAmerican journal of obstetrics and gynecology2011
Exclusive breastfeeding, maternal HIV disease, and the risk of clinical breast pathology in HIV-infected, breastfeeding women.
Trial report in American journal of obstetrics and gynecology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of Postnatal HIV Treatment on Clinical Mastitis and Breast Inflammation in HIV-Infected Breast-feeding Women.Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology · 2017Trial
- Mother and newborn skin-to-skin contact and timely initiation of breastfeeding in sub-Saharan Africa.PloS one · 2023Article
- Understanding Viral and Immune Interplay During Vertical Transmission of HIV: Implications for Cure.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Interventions for preventing mother-to-child HIV transmission: protocol of an overview of systematic reviews.BMJ open · 2017Article
- Ontogeny of CD4+ T Lymphocytes With Phenotypic Susceptibility to HIV-1 During Exclusive and Nonexclusive Breastfeeding in HIV-1-Exposed Ugandan Infants.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2017Article
- Breastfeeding counseling and support are associated with continuous exclusive breastfeeding from one week to six months of age among HIV exposed infants in north Gondar zone, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study.International breastfeeding journal · 2016Article
- Immunology of pediatric HIV infection.Immunological reviews · 2013Review
- Early cessation of breastfeeding amongst women in South Africa: an area needing urgent attention to improve child health.BMC pediatrics · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThe objective of the study was to examine the relationship between breastfeeding patterns, markers of maternal human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease, and woman's breast pathology. STUDY
designSecondary data analysis from a randomized breastfeeding trial including 947 HIV-infected women (n = 5982 visits) from breastfeeding initiation until 6 months postpartum; 1 month after breastfeeding cessation; or loss to follow-up or death. Generalized estimating equations assessed the effects of breastfeeding pattern and maternal HIV status on breast pathology.
resultsOne hundred ninety women (20.1%) had a breast problem; 86 (9.1%) had mastitis; and 31 (3.3%) had abscess. After confounder adjustment, nonexclusively breastfeeding women had an increased risk of breast problems (odds ratio, 1.98; 95% confidence interval, 1.33-2.95) and mastitis (odds ratio, 2.87, 95% confidence interval, 1.69-4.88) compared with exclusive breastfeeders. Women with a CD4 count less than 200 cells/μL tended to have an increased risk of abscess.
conclusionNonexclusive breastfeeding significantly increased the risk of breast pathology. Exclusive breastfeeding is not only optimal for infant health but it also benefits mothers by reducing breast problems.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.