ReviewBiochemical pharmacology2011
Mechanistic insights into nicotine withdrawal.
Review in Biochemical pharmacology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed.
- Trial
- Theobromine prevents affective symptoms of nicotine withdrawal by modulating the neuroendocrine and immune systems, as well as the glutathione mechanism in the hippocampus.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2025Article
- The influence of stress and social defeat on neurobiological reinforcement mechanisms across reward to withdrawal in nicotine addiction.Psychopharmacology · 2025Review
- Cytisinicline vs. Varenicline in Tobacco Addiction: A Literature Review Focused on Emotional Regulation, Psychological Symptoms, and Mental Health.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- A rare variant inProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Nicotine addiction: More than just dopamine.Current opinion in neurobiology · 2023Review
- Early-life exposure to cigarette smoke primes lung function and DNA methylation changes atAmerican journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology · 2023Article
- CHRNA5 gene variation affects the response of VTA dopaminergic neurons during chronic nicotine exposure and withdrawal.Neuropharmacology · 2023Article
- Understanding the habenula: A major node in circuits regulating emotion and motivation.Pharmacological research · 2023Review
- Rodent models for nicotine withdrawal.Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) · 2021Review
- Altered mRNA Levels of Stress-Related Peptides in Mouse Hippocampus and Caudate-Putamen in Withdrawal after Long-Term Intermittent Exposure to Tobacco Smoke or Electronic Cigarette Vapour.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Behavioural and pharmacological profiles of zebrafish administrated pyrrolidinyl benzodioxanes and prolinol aryl ethers with high affinity for heteromeric nicotinic acetylcholine receptors.Psychopharmacology · 2020Article
- A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of the kappa opioid receptor antagonist, CERC-501, in a human laboratory model of smoking behavior.Addiction biology · 2020Article
- Opposing effects of acute and repeated nicotine exposure on boldness in zebrafish.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Initial application of a human laboratory model for estimating the motivational substitutability of e-cigarettes for combustible cigarettes.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2019Article
- Similar precipitated withdrawal effects on intracranial self-stimulation during chronic infusion of an e-cigarette liquid or nicotine alone.Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior · 2017Article
- Rationalization of a nanoparticle-based nicotine nanovaccine as an effective next-generation nicotine vaccine: A focus on hapten localization.Biomaterials · 2017Article
- The crystal structure of Ac-AChBP in complex with α-conotoxin LvIA reveals the mechanism of its selectivity towards different nAChR subtypes.Protein & cell · 2017Article
- MEMRI is a biomarker defining nicotine-specific neuronal responses in subregions of the rodent brain.American journal of translational research · 2017Article
- Stress-related increases in risk taking and attentional failures predict earlier relapse to smoking in young adults: A pilot investigation.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Smoking is responsible for over 400,000 premature deaths in the United States every year, making it the leading cause of preventable death. In addition, smoking-related illness leads to billions of dollars in healthcare expenditures and lost productivity annually. The public is increasingly aware that successfully abstaining from smoking at any age can add years to one's life and reduce many of the harmful effects of smoking. Although the majority of smokers desire to quit, only a small fraction of attempts to quit are actually successful. The symptoms associated with nicotine withdrawal are a primary deterrent to cessation and they need to be quelled to avoid early relapse. This review will focus on the neuroadaptations caused by chronic nicotine exposure and discuss how those changes lead to a withdrawal syndrome upon smoking cessation. Besides examining how nicotine usurps the endogenous reward system, we will discuss how the habenula is part of a circuit that plays a critical role in the aversive effects of high nicotine doses and nicotine withdrawal. We will also provide an updated summary of the role of various nicotinic receptor subtypes in the mechanisms of withdrawal. This growing knowledge provides mechanistic insights into current and future smoking cessation therapies.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.