Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21779257›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in psychology2011

Pulsed out of awareness: EEG alpha oscillations represent a pulsed-inhibition of ongoing cortical processing.

Kyle E Mathewson, Alejandro Lleras, Diane M Beck, Monica Fabiani, Tony Ro, Gabriele Gratton

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in psychology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 243 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
243citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

243 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation Facilitates Cortical Arousal and Alertness.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023
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  14. Hypoxia alters the century old Berger effect.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Contents of Visual Predictions Oscillate at Alpha Frequencies.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2025
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  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

183 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Kyle E MathewsonDepartment of Psychology, Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Champaign, IL, USA.
Alejandro Lleras
Diane M Beck
Monica Fabiani
Tony Ro
Gabriele Gratton

Funding

Functional brain imaging based on fast optical signalsR01MH080182 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN · PI GRATTON, GABRIELE · 2006 to 2008
$970k
NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH080182
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Alpha oscillations are ubiquitous in the brain, but their role in cortical processing remains a matter of debate. Recently, evidence has begun to accumulate in support of a role for alpha oscillations in attention selection and control. Here we first review evidence that 8-12 Hz oscillations in the brain have a general inhibitory role in cognitive processing, with an emphasis on their role in visual processing. Then, we summarize the evidence in support of our recent proposal that alpha represents a pulsed-inhibition of ongoing neural activity. The phase of the ongoing electroencephalography can influence evoked activity and subsequent processing, and we propose that alpha exerts its inhibitory role through alternating microstates of inhibition and excitation. Finally, we discuss evidence that this pulsed-inhibition can be entrained to rhythmic stimuli in the environment, such that preferential processing occurs for stimuli at predictable moments. The entrainment of preferential phase may provide a mechanism for temporal attention in the brain. This pulsed inhibitory account of alpha has important implications for many common cognitive phenomena, such as the attentional blink, and seems to indicate that our visual experience may at least some times be coming through in waves.

Indexed as

alphaEEGoscillationphasepulsed-inhibition

Identifiers

PMID21779257
PMCPMC3132674

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.