ArticleAmerican journal of public health2011
Racial residential segregation and low birth weight in Michigan's metropolitan areas.
Article in American journal of public health, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 59 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exposure to Racism and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes for Black Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of immigrant and minority health · 2025Pooled it
- Association of neighborhood context with offspring risk of preterm birth and low birthweight: A systematic review and meta-analysis of population-based studies.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2016Pooled it
- The social determinants of infant mortality and birth outcomes in Western developed nations: a cross-country systematic review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2013Pooled it
- Allostatic Load, Neighborhood Disadvantage, and Birth Outcomes.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Understanding the Influence of Income Inequality and Violent Crime on Police Fatal Shootings in U.S. Counties: 2015-2022.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Community-Led Solutions to Address Black Maternal and Infant Mortality Through the TNT-PISP Model: A Qualitative Study.Maternal and child health journal · 2026Article
- School Segregation During Adolescence is Associated with Higher 30-Year Cardiovascular Risk of Black but not White Young Adults.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- Measuring Spatial Social Polarization in Public Health Research: A Scoping Review of Methods and Applications.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2025Article
- Using spatial Bayesian models to estimate associations between structural racial discrimination and disparities in severe maternal morbidity.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2025Article
- Analyzing Fatal Police Shootings: The Roles of Social Vulnerability, Race, and Place in the U.S.American journal of preventive medicine · 2025Article
- Associations Between Self-Reported Experiences of Discrimination, Socioeconomic and Racial Polarization, and Birth Outcomes in the Atlanta African American Maternal-Child Cohort.Environmental justice (Print) · 2024Article
- Suboptimal factors in maternal and newborn care for refugees: Lessons learned from perinatal audits in the Netherlands.PloS one · 2024Article
- Exposure to phthalate metabolites, bisphenol A, and psychosocial stress mixtures and pregnancy outcomes in the Atlanta African American maternal-child cohort.Environmental research · 2023Article
- Examining Twitter-Derived Negative Racial Sentiment as Indicators of Cultural Racism: Observational Associations With Preterm Birth and Low Birth Weight Among a Multiracial Sample of Mothers, 2011-2021.Journal of medical Internet research · 2023Article
- Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Adverse Perinatal Outcomes at Term.American journal of perinatology · 2023Observational
- Black-White disparities in maternal vulnerability and adverse pregnancy outcomes: an ecological population study in the United States, 2014-2018.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2023Article
- Neighborhood disadvantage and the racial disparity in postpartum hypertension.American journal of obstetrics & gynecology MFM · 2023Article
- Analysis of Residential Segregation and Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Severe Maternal Morbidity Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic.JAMA network open · 2022Article
- Racism and perinatal health inequities research: where we have been and where we should go.American journal of obstetrics and gynecology · 2022Article
- Racial residential segregation shapes the relationship between early childhood lead exposure and fourth-grade standardized test scores.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesWe examined the influence of racial residential segregation, independent of neighborhood economic factors, on the overall and specific etiological risks of low birth weight.
methodsWe geocoded all singleton births in Michigan metropolitan areas during 2000 to census tracts. We used hierarchical generalized linear models to investigate the association between low birth weight (< 2500 g) and neighborhood-level economic and racial segregation, controlling for individual and neighborhood characteristics. We analyzed competing risks of the 2 etiologies of low birth weight: intrauterine growth restriction and preterm birth.
resultsLiving in a Black segregated area was associated with increased odds (odds ratio [OR] = 1.15; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.03, 1.29; P < .05) of low birth weight after adjusting for individual- and tract-level measures. The analysis suggested that the association between low birth weight and racial segregation was attributable primarily to increased risk of intrauterine growth restriction (OR = 1.19; 95% CI = 1.03, 1.37; P < .05).
conclusionsOdds of low birth weight are higher in racially segregated Black neighborhoods in Michigan's metropolitan areas, independent of economic factors. The association appears to operate through intrauterine growth restriction rather than preterm birth.
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