ArticleNature2011
The landscape of recombination in African Americans.
Article in Nature, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 213 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
213 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 360 citations in OpenAlex.
- Fine-mapping, novel loci identification, and SNP association transferability in a genome-wide association study of QRS duration in African Americans.Human molecular genetics · 2016Pooled it
- Putative linkage signals identified for breast cancer in African American families.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2015Trial
- PRDM9-mediated meiotic hotspot specification is constrained in humans despite extensive sequence diversity.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Sex-Specific Landscapes of Crossover and Noncrossover Recombination in Coppery Titi Monkeys (Plecturocebus cupreus).Genome biology and evolution · 2026Article
- Whole exome sequencing uncovers genetic syndromes and putative candidate genes underlying orofacial clefts presenting with limb abnormalities in a Sub-Saharan African cohort.BMC medical genomics · 2026Article
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- Whole Exome Sequencing Uncovers Genetic Syndromes Associated with Orofacial Clefts presenting with Limb abnormalities in a Sub-Saharan African cohort.Research square · 2025Article
- Mixed Outcomes in Recombination Rates After Domestication: Revisiting Theory and Data.Molecular ecology · 2025Review
- Common and rare variant genetic contributions in African Americans with autism.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- A Reassessment of the Genomic Ancestry of the World's Largest Captive Baboon Colony.American journal of primatology · 2025Article
- Analytical expectations for ancestry junction accumulation in admixed genomes.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Predicting differentially methylated cytosines in TET and DNMT3 knockout mutants via a large language model.Briefings in bioinformatics · 2025Article
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- PRDM9 drives the location and rapid evolution of recombination hotspots in salmonid fish.PLoS biology · 2025Article
- Integrative linkage and recombination analysis of 25 X-STRs across 7 linkage groups using pedigree-based and SNP-based strategies.Frontiers in genetics · 2025Article
- Neanderthal ancestry through time: Insights from genomes of ancient and present-day humans.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2024Article
- A Minimal Hybrid Sterility Genome Assembled by Chromosome Swapping Between Mouse Subspecies (Mus musculus).Molecular biology and evolution · 2024Article
153 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
81 authors at 20 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Recombination, together with mutation, gives rise to genetic variation in populations. Here we leverage the recent mixture of people of African and European ancestry in the Americas to build a genetic map measuring the probability of crossing over at each position in the genome, based on about 2.1 million crossovers in 30,000 unrelated African Americans. At intervals of more than three megabases it is nearly identical to a map built in Europeans. At finer scales it differs significantly, and we identify about 2,500 recombination hotspots that are active in people of West African ancestry but nearly inactive in Europeans. The probability of a crossover at these hotspots is almost fully controlled by the alleles an individual carries at PRDM9 (P value < 10(-245)). We identify a 17-base-pair DNA sequence motif that is enriched in these hotspots, and is an excellent match to the predicted binding target of PRDM9 alleles common in West Africans and rare in Europeans. Sites of this motif are predicted to be risk loci for disease-causing genomic rearrangements in individuals carrying these alleles. More generally, this map provides a resource for research in human genetic variation and evolution.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.