ArticleJournal of virology2011
Anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike antibodies trigger infection of human immune cells via a pH- and cysteine protease-independent FcγR pathway.
Article in Journal of virology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 225 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Evaluation of Silver Nanoparticles as an Oropharyngeal Product (Mouthwash) and Nasal Hygiene, by Health Personnel Working at the Tijuana General Hospital Exposed to Patients Diagnosed With Atypical Pneumonia Caused by SARS-CoV-2
A Clinical Trial to Assess the Safety and Immunogenicity of LNP-nCOV saRNA-02, a Self-amplifying Ribonucleic Acid (saRNA) Vaccine, in SARS-CoV-2 Seronegative and Seropositive Uganda Population
Who cites it
225 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 341 citations in OpenAlex.
- Paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome temporally associated with COVID-19 (PIMS-TS): a narrative review and the viewpoint of the Latin American Society of Pediatric Intensive Care (SLACIP) Sepsis Committee.BMJ paediatrics open · 2021Pooled it
- Phenotype, Susceptibility, Autoimmunity, and Immunotherapy Between Kawasaki Disease and Coronavirus Disease-19 Associated Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Pooled it
- Guidelines for COVID-19 Management in Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Recipients.Biology of blood and marrow transplantation : journal of the American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation · 2020Guideline
- A systematic review of antibody mediated immunity to coronaviruses: kinetics, correlates of protection, and association with severity.Nature communications · 2020Pooled it
- Evaluation of silver nanoparticles for the prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection in health workers: In vitro and in vivo.PloS one · 2021Trial
- Mechanisms of antibody-dependent enhancement and its research progress in animal coronaviruses.Veterinary research · 2026Review
- Functional Antibody-Dependent Enhancement as an Immune Assessment Platform: Development, Standardization, and Translational Interpretation in Flavivirus Research.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Structural Basis of MERS-CoV Receptor Interactions and Antibody Neutralisations.Reviews in medical virology · 2026Review
- SARS-CoV-2 antibody-dependent enhancement of infection depends on antibody binding to both ACE2 and Fc receptors.JCI insight · 2026Article
- Low Antibody-Dependent Enhancement of Viral Entry Activity Supports the Safety of Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines.Vaccines · 2025Article
- Conventional and antibody-enhanced DENV infection of human macrophages induces differential immunotranscriptomic profiles.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- NIEAs elicited by wild-type SARS-CoV-2 primary infection fail to enhance the infectivity of Omicron variants.Virology journal · 2025Article
- Article
- Antibody-dependent enhancement of coronaviruses.International journal of biological sciences · 2025Review
- Antibodies to the RBD of SARS-CoV-2 spike mediate productive infection of primary human macrophages.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Preclinical assessment of a recombinant RBD-Fc fusion protein as SARS-CoV-2 candidate vaccine.European journal of microbiology & immunology · 2024Article
- From Detection to Protection: Antibodies and Their Crucial Role in Diagnosing and Combatting SARS-CoV-2.Vaccines · 2024Review
- Essential role of pre-existing humoral immunity in TLR9-mediated type I IFN response to recombinant AAV vectors in human whole blood.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Enhancement of SARS-CoV-2 Infection via Crosslinking of Adjacent Spike Proteins by N-Terminal Domain-Targeting Antibodies.Viruses · 2023Article
- Development of a neutralization monoclonal antibody with a broad neutralizing effect against SARS-CoV-2 variants.Virology journal · 2023Article
165 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Public health measures successfully contained outbreaks of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) infection. However, the precursor of the SARS-CoV remains in its natural bat reservoir, and reemergence of a human-adapted SARS-like coronavirus remains a plausible public health concern. Vaccination is a major strategy for containing resurgence of SARS in humans, and a number of vaccine candidates have been tested in experimental animal models. We previously reported that antibody elicited by a SARS-CoV vaccine candidate based on recombinant full-length Spike-protein trimers potentiated infection of human B cell lines despite eliciting in vivo a neutralizing and protective immune response in rodents. These observations prompted us to investigate the mechanisms underlying antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of SARS-CoV infection in vitro. We demonstrate here that anti-Spike immune serum, while inhibiting viral entry in a permissive cell line, potentiated infection of immune cells by SARS-CoV Spike-pseudotyped lentiviral particles, as well as replication-competent SARS coronavirus. Antibody-mediated infection was dependent on Fcγ receptor II but did not use the endosomal/lysosomal pathway utilized by angiotensin I converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), the accepted receptor for SARS-CoV. This suggests that ADE of SARS-CoV utilizes a novel cell entry mechanism into immune cells. Different SARS vaccine candidates elicit sera that differ in their capacity to induce ADE in immune cells despite their comparable potency to neutralize infection in ACE2-bearing cells. Our results suggest a novel mechanism by which SARS-CoV can enter target cells and illustrate the potential pitfalls associated with immunization against it. These findings should prompt further investigations into SARS pathogenesis.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.