ArticleJournal of virology2011
Tempo and mode of plant RNA virus escape from RNA interference-mediated resistance.
Article in Journal of virology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Cucumber Resistance to Cucumber Green Mottle Mosaic Virus: From Host-Virus Interactions to Precision Breeding Strategies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- MicroRNA-Induced Gene Silencing (MIGS): A Tool for Multi-Gene Silencing and Targeting Viruses in Plants.Plant biotechnology journal · 2026Article
- Therapeutic Approaches of Viral Gene Silencing by Small Interfering RNA: Strategies to Prevent the Emergence of Antiviral Resistant Escape Mutants.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Artificial miRNAs and target-mimics as potential tools for crop improvement.Physiology and molecular biology of plants : an international journal of functional plant biology · 2025Review
- Within-plant genetic drift to control virus adaptation to host resistance genes.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Single-cell mutation rate of turnip crinkle virus (-)-strand replication intermediates.PLoS pathogens · 2023Article
- Targeting of genomic and negative-sense strands of viral RNA contributes to antiviral resistance mediated by artificial miRNAs and promotes the emergence of complex viral populations.Molecular plant pathology · 2022Article
- Standing Genetic Diversity and Transmission Bottleneck Size Drive Adaptation in Bacteriophage Qβ.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Innate immune pathways act synergistically to constrain RNA virus evolution in Drosophila melanogaster.Nature ecology & evolution · 2022Article
- Phylogenetics of tobacco rattle virus isolates from potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) in the USA: a multi-gene approach to evolutionary lineage.Virus genes · 2022Article
- Resistance to Turnip Mosaic Virus in the FamilyThe plant pathology journal · 2021Review
- Artificial Small RNA-Based Silencing Tools for Antiviral Resistance in Plants.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Detection of Plant Viruses and Disease Management: Relevance of Genetic Diversity and Evolution.Frontiers in plant science · 2020Review
- Artificial microRNA-mediated resistance to cucumber green mottle mosaic virus in Nicotiana benthamiana.Planta · 2019Article
- Multi-targeting of viral RNAs with synthetic trans-acting small interfering RNAs enhances plant antiviral resistance.The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology · 2019Article
- Why are RNA virus mutation rates so damn high?PLoS biology · 2018Article
- Mechanisms and consequences of diversity-generating immune strategies.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2017Review
- Artificial microRNAs and synthetic trans-acting small interfering RNAs interfere with viroid infection.Molecular plant pathology · 2017Article
- Adaptive multiscapes: an up-to-date metaphor to visualize molecular adaptation.Biology direct · 2017Article
- Adenovirus-mediated artificial MicroRNAs targeting matrix or nucleoprotein genes protect mice against lethal influenza virus challenge.Gene therapy · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
A biotechnological application of artificial microRNAs (amiRs) is the generation of plants that are resistant to virus infection. This resistance has proven to be highly effective and sequence specific. However, before these transgenic plants can be deployed in the field, it is important to evaluate the likelihood of the emergence of resistance-breaking mutants. Two issues are of particular interest: (i) whether such mutants can arise in nontransgenic plants that may act as reservoirs and (ii) whether a suboptimal expression level of the transgene, resulting in subinhibitory concentrations of the amiR, would favor the emergence of escape mutants. To address the first issue, we experimentally evolved independent lineages of Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) (family Potyviridae) in fully susceptible wild-type Arabidopsis thaliana plants and then simulated the spillover of the evolving virus to fully resistant A. thaliana transgenic plants. To address the second issue, the evolution phase took place with transgenic plants that expressed the amiR at subinhibitory concentrations. Our results show that TuMV populations replicating in susceptible hosts accumulated resistance-breaking alleles that resulted in the overcoming of the resistance of fully resistant plants. The rate at which resistance was broken was 7 times higher for TuMV populations that experienced subinhibitory concentrations of the antiviral amiR. A molecular characterization of escape alleles showed that they all contained at least one nucleotide substitution in the target sequence, generally a transition of the G-to-A and C-to-U types, with many instances of convergent molecular evolution. To better understand the viral population dynamics taking place within each host, as well as to evaluate relevant population genetic parameters, we performed in silico simulations of the experiments. Together, our results contribute to the rational management of amiR-based antiviral resistance in plants.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.