ArticleThe Journal of biological chemistry2011
Functional analysis of the type 3 effector nodulation outer protein L (NopL) from Rhizobium sp. NGR234: symbiotic effects, phosphorylation, and interference with mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling.
Article in The Journal of biological chemistry, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers.
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45 citing papers in PubMed, 72 citations in OpenAlex.
- Phosphorylation of rhizobial effector NopZ by soybean NORK promotes association with NENA and enhances nodulation.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Article
- The type III effector NopL interacts with GmREM1a and GmNFR5 to promote symbiosis in soybean.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Unravelling bacterial virulence factors in yeast: From identification to the elucidation of their mechanisms of action.Archives of microbiology · 2024Review
- Defense and senescence interplay in legume nodules.Plant communications · 2024Review
- MAPK Cascades in Plant Microbiota Structure and Functioning.Journal of microbiology (Seoul, Korea) · 2024Review
- Differential symbiotic compatibilities between rhizobium strains and cultivated and wild soybeans revealed by anatomical and transcriptome analyses.Frontiers in plant science · 2024Article
- Mechanisms of rhizosphere plant-microbe interactions: molecular insights into microbial colonization.Frontiers in plant science · 2024Review
- NopC/T/L Signal Crosstalk GeneInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- G-type receptor-like kinase AsNIP43 interacts with rhizobia effector nodulation outer protein P and is required for symbiosis.Plant physiology · 2023Article
- Multitask Approach to Localize Rhizobial Type Three Secretion System Effector Proteins Inside Eukaryotic Cells.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Legumes Regulate Symbiosis with Rhizobia via Their Innate Immune System.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Effector-Dependent and -Independent Molecular Mechanisms of Soybean-Microbe Interaction.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- The Rhizobial Type 3 Secretion System: The Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde in the Rhizobium-Legume Symbiosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Effector-triggered inhibition of nodulation: A rhizobial effector protease targets soybean kinase GmPBS1-1.Plant physiology · 2022Article
- Bridging the Gap: Type III Secretion Systems in Plant-Beneficial Bacteria.Microorganisms · 2022Article
- Article
- Ambiguities of PGPR-Induced Plant Signaling and Stress Management.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Review
- Article
- Use of the rhizobial type III effector gene nopP to improve Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated transformation of Lotus japonicus.Plant methods · 2021Article
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5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Pathogenic bacteria use type 3 secretion systems to deliver virulence factors (type 3 effector proteins) directly into eukaryotic host cells. Similarly, type 3 effectors of certain nitrogen-fixing rhizobial strains affect nodule formation in the symbiosis with host legumes. Nodulation outer protein L (NopL) of Rhizobium sp. strain NGR234 is a Rhizobium-specific type 3 effector. Nodulation tests and microscopic analysis showed that distinct necrotic areas were rapidly formed in ineffective nodules of Phaseolus vulgaris (cv. Tendergreen) induced by strain NGRΩnopL (NGR234 mutated in nopL), indicating that NopL antagonized nodule senescence. Further experiments revealed that NopL interfered with mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling in yeast and plant cells (Nicotiana tabacum). Expression of nopL in yeast disrupted the mating pheromone (α-factor) response pathway, whereas nopL expression in N. tabacum suppressed cell death induced either by overexpression of the MAPK gene SIPK (salicylic acid-induced protein kinase) or by SIPK(DD) (mutation in the TXY motif resulting in constitutive MAPK activity). These data indicate that NopL impaired function of MAPK proteins or MAPK substrates. Furthermore, we demonstrate that NopL was multiply phosphorylated either in yeast or N. tabacum cells that expressed nopL. Four phosphorylated serines were confirmed by mass spectrometry. All four phosphorylation sites exhibit a Ser-Pro pattern, a typical motif in MAPK substrates. Taken together, data suggest that NopL mimics a MAPK substrate and that NopL suppresses premature nodule senescence by impairing MAPK signaling in host cells.
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