ArticleClinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology2012
Functional MRI of sleep spindles and K-complexes.
Article in Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 109 citations in OpenAlex.
- Polysomnographic Predictors of Sleep, Motor, and Cognitive Dysfunction Progression in Parkinson's Disease.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2022Pooled it
- Sleep in Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of polysomnographic findings.Translational psychiatry · 2022Pooled it
- Human brain-wide activation of sleep rhythms.eLife · 2026Article
- Sleep neuroimaging: Review and future directions.Journal of sleep research · 2025Review
- Seminar in Epileptology: Normal awake and sleep patterns, interictal abnormalities, and ictal patterns on scalp EEG.Epileptic disorders : international epilepsy journal with videotape · 2025Review
- Sleep-stage dependent patterning of slowly propagating brain activity.Npj biological timing and sleep · 2025Article
- Motor learning promotes regionally-specific spindle-slow wave coupled cerebral memory reactivation.Communications biology · 2024Article
- Automatic sleep spindles identification and classification with multitapers and convolution.Sleep · 2024Article
- The neurophysiologic landscape of the sleep onset: a systematic review.Journal of thoracic disease · 2023Review
- Longitudinal trajectories of spectral power during sleep in middle-aged and older adults.Aging brain · 2023Article
- The relationship between cognitive ability and BOLD activation across sleep-wake states.Brain imaging and behavior · 2022Article
- Functional differences in cerebral activation between slow wave-coupled and uncoupled sleep spindles.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022Article
- Changes in cross-frequency coupling following closed-loop auditory stimulation in non-rapid eye movement sleep.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Discovery of key whole-brain transitions and dynamics during human wakefulness and non-REM sleep.Nature communications · 2019Article
- Atypical sleep in critically ill patients on mechanical ventilation is associated with increased mortality.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2019Article
- The Emergence of Spindles and K-Complexes and the Role of the Dorsal Caudal Part of the Anterior Cingulate as the Generator of K-Complexes.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2019Article
- Brain Activation Time-Locked to Sleep Spindles Associated With Human Cognitive Abilities.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2019Article
- Sympathetic activity contributes to the fMRI signal.Communications biology · 2019Article
- Individual spindle detection and analysis in high-density recordings across the night and in thalamic stroke.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Prenatal Nicotine Exposure Disrupts Infant Neural Markers of Orienting.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
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Abstract
objectiveSleep spindles and K-complexes are EEG hallmarks of non-REM sleep. However, the brain regions generating these discharges and the functional connections of their generators to other regions are not fully known. We investigated the neuroanatomical correlates of spindles and K-complexes using simultaneous EEG and fMRI.
methodsEEGs recorded during EEG-fMRI studies of 7 individuals were used for fMRI analysis. Higher-level group analyses were performed, and images were thresholded at Z ≥ 2.3.
resultsfMRI of 106 spindles and 60 K-complexes was analyzed. Spindles corresponded to increased signal in thalami and posterior cingulate, and right precuneus, putamen, paracentral cortex, and temporal lobe. K-complexes corresponded to increased signal in thalami, superior temporal lobes, paracentral gyri, and medial regions of the occipital, parietal and frontal lobes. Neither corresponded to regions of decreased signal.
conclusionsfMRI of both spindles and K-complexes depicts signal subjacent to the vertex, which likely indicates each discharges' source. The thalamic signal is consistent with thalamic involvement in sleep homeostasis. The limbic region's signal is consistent with roles in memory consolidation. Unlike the spindle, the K-complex corresponds to extensive signal in primary sensory cortices. SIGNIFICANCE: Identification of these active regions contributes to the understanding of sleep networks and the physiology of awareness and memory during sleep.
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