ArticleCarcinogenesis2011
Epigenetic deregulation of TCF21 inhibits metastasis suppressor KISS1 in metastatic melanoma.
Article in Carcinogenesis, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers.
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Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 80 citations in OpenAlex.
- Targeting TCF21-TCF3 heterodimer in tumor-associated pericytes attenuates hematogenous metastasis by restoring pericyte gatekeeper function.Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Article
- Epigenetics of Malignant Melanoma: Mechanisms, Diagnostic Approaches and Therapeutic Applications.Oncology research · 2026Review
- Identification of Differentially Expressed Genes in Human Colorectal Cancer Using RNASeq Data Validated on the Molecular Level with Real-Time PCR.Biochemical genetics · 2024Article
- Cancer metastasis under the magnifying glass of epigenetics and epitranscriptomics.Cancer metastasis reviews · 2023Review
- EGF stimulates human trophoblast cell invasion by downregulating ID3-mediated KISS1 expression.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2021Article
- Bona Fide Tumor Suppressor Genes Hypermethylated in Melanoma: A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Upregulation of TCF21 inhibits migration of adrenocortical carcinoma cells.Discover oncology · 2021Article
- Role of the bHLH transcription factor TCF21 in development and tumorigenesis.Brazilian journal of medical and biological research = Revista brasileira de pesquisas medicas e biologica · 2021Review
- Progression and dormancy in metastatic thyroid cancer: concepts and clinical implications.Endocrine · 2020Review
- KISS1 in metastatic cancer research and treatment: potential and paradoxes.Cancer metastasis reviews · 2020Review
- TCF21: a critical transcription factor in health and cancer.Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany) · 2020Review
- Role of the tumor microenvironment in regulating the anti-metastatic effect of KISS1.Clinical & experimental metastasis · 2020Review
- Development and validation of a novel immune-related prognostic model in lung squamous cell carcinoma.International journal of medical sciences · 2020Article
- Identification of potential diagnostic and therapeutic target genes for lung squamous cell carcinoma.Oncology letters · 2019Article
- MicroRNA-3648 Is Upregulated to Suppress TCF21, Resulting in Promotion of Invasion and Metastasis of Human Bladder Cancer.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2019Article
- Promoter methylation of the candidate tumor suppressor gene TCF21 in myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia.American journal of translational research · 2019Article
- Expression of Transcription Factor 21 (TCF21) and Upregulation Its Level Inhibits Invasion and Metastasis in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2018Article
- Promoter methylation of TCF21 may repress autophagy in the progression of lung cancer.Journal of cell communication and signaling · 2018Article
- Alteration of Epigenetic Regulation by Long Noncoding RNAs in Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2018Review
- TCF21 hypermethylation regulates renal tumor cell clonogenic proliferation and migration.Molecular oncology · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Metastatic melanoma is a fatal disease due to the lack of successful therapies and biomarkers for early detection and its incidence has been increasing. Genetic studies have defined recurrent chromosomal aberrations, suggesting the location of either tumor suppressor genes or oncogenes. Transcription factor 21 (TCF21) belongs to the class A of the basic helix-loop-helix family with reported functions in early lung and kidney development as well as tumor suppressor function in the malignancies of the lung and head and neck. In this study, we combined quantitative DNA methylation analysis in patient biopsies and in their derived cell lines to demonstrate that TCF21 expression is downregulated in metastatic melanoma by promoter hypermethylation and TCF21 promoter DNA methylation is correlated with decreased survival in metastatic skin melanoma patients. In addition, the chromosomal location of TCF21 on 6q23-q24 coincides with the location of a postulated metastasis suppressor in melanoma. Functionally, TCF21 binds the promoter of the melanoma metastasis-suppressing gene, KiSS1, and enhances its gene expression through interaction with E12, a TCF3 isoform and with TCF12. Loss of TCF21 expression results in loss of KISS1 expression through loss of direct interaction of TCF21 at the KISS1 promoter. Finally, overexpression of TCF21 inhibits motility of C8161 melanoma cells. These data suggest that epigenetic downregulation of TCF21 is functionally involved in melanoma progression and that it may serve as a biomarker for aggressive tumor behavior.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.