Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21768389›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2011

MicroRNA-21 regulates the self-renewal of mouse spermatogonial stem cells.

Zhiyv Niu, Shaun M Goodyear, Shilpa Rao, Xin Wu, John W Tobias, Mary R Avarbock, Ralph L Brinster

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 128 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
128citing papers in PubMed
22.5field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

128 citing papers in PubMed, 269 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Unravelling male infertility through epigenetics: present understanding and future challenges.Mammalian genome : official journal of the International Mammalian Genome Society · 2026
    Review
  4. Review
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Sperm abnormality: Differential expression of microRNAs.Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics · 2025
    Review
  9. Review
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. The composition of human sperm sncRNAome: a cross-country small RNA profiling.Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E · 2025
    Article
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. The Biology and Regulation of Spermatogonial Stem Cells in the Niche.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2025
    Review
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Article

68 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Zhiyv NiuDepartment of Animal Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, and Penn Bioinformatics Core, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Shaun M Goodyear
Shilpa Rao
Xin Wu
John W Tobias
Mary R Avarbock
Ralph L Brinster
Penn Center for AIDS Research · USUniversity of Pennsylvania · US

Funding

Regulation of mouse spermatogonial stem cell self-renewalR01HD052728 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI BRINSTER, RALPH LAWRENCE · 2007 to 2011
$1.8M
NICHD NIH HHS HD 052728NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD052728
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

MicroRNAs (miRs) play a key role in the control of gene expression in a wide array of tissue systems, where their functions include the regulation of self-renewal, cellular differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. However, the functional importance of individual miRs in controlling spermatogonial stem cell (SSC) homeostasis has not been investigated. Using high-throughput sequencing, we profiled the expression of miRs in the Thy1(+) testis cell population, which is highly enriched for SSCs, and the Thy1(-) cell population, composed primarily of testis somatic cells. In addition, we profiled the global expression of miRs in cultured germ cells, also enriched for SSCs. Our results demonstrate that miR-21, along with miR-34c, -182, -183, and -146a, are preferentially expressed in the Thy1(+) SSC-enriched population, compared with Thy1(-) somatic cells. Importantly, we demonstrate that transient inhibition of miR-21 in SSC-enriched germ cell cultures increased the number of germ cells undergoing apoptosis and significantly reduced the number of donor-derived colonies of spermatogenesis formed from transplanted treated cells in recipient mouse testes, indicating that miR-21 is important in maintaining the SSC population. Moreover, we show that in SSC-enriched germ cell cultures, miR-21 is regulated by the transcription factor ETV5, known to be critical for SSC self-renewal.

Indexed as

Cell ProliferationAnimalsApoptosisCells, CulturedDNA-Binding ProteinsGene Expression ProfilingGene LibraryMaleMiceMice, Inbred C57BLMice, TransgenicMicroRNAsReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionRNA InterferenceSequence Analysis, DNASpermatogenesisDNA-Binding ProteinsEtv5 protein, mouseMicroRNAsMIRN21 microRNA, mouseThy-1 AntigensTranscription Factors

Identifiers

PMID21768389
PMCPMC3150879
OpenAlexW2053834034

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.