Trial reportProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2011
Stimulus-specific suppression preserves information in auditory short-term memory.
Trial report in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Echoes of the spoken past: how auditory cortex hears context during speech perception.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2014Pooled it
- Synchronization patterns reveal neuronal coding of working memory content.Cell reports · 2021Trial
- Attention to memory: Asymmetric enhancement of mnemonic features in auditory working memory.Psychonomic bulletin & review · 2026Article
- Interactions between sensory-biased and supramodal working memory networks in the human cerebral cortex.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Article
- Decoding reveals the neural representation of perceived and imagined musical sounds.PLoS biology · 2024Article
- Decoding reveals the neural representation of perceived and imagined musical sounds.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Decoding of Working Memory Contents in Auditory Cortex Is Not Distractor-Resistant.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2023Article
- Spectrotemporal content of human auditory working memory represented in functional connectivity patterns.Communications biology · 2023Article
- The neural coding of tonal working memory load: An functional magnetic resonance imaging study.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022Article
- SF-MVPA: A from raw data to statistical results and surface space-based MVPA toolbox.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022Article
- Decoding Concurrent Representations of Pitch and Location in Auditory Working Memory.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2021Article
- Article
- Oscillatory correlates of auditory working memory examined with human electrocorticography.Neuropsychologia · 2021Article
- Suppression, Maintenance, and Surprise: Neuronal Correlates of Predictive Processing Specialization for Musical Rhythm.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2021Article
- Decoding Spatial Versus Non-spatial Processing in Auditory Working Memory.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2021Article
- Theoretical distinction between functional states in working memory and their corresponding neural states.Visual cognition · 2020Article
- Multivoxel codes for representing and integrating acoustic features in human cortex.NeuroImage · 2020Article
- Different states of priority recruit different neural representations in visual working memory.PLoS biology · 2020Article
- Formation and decay of auditory short-term memory in the macaque monkey.Journal of neurophysiology · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Philosophers and scientists have puzzled for millennia over how perceptual information is stored in short-term memory. Some have suggested that early sensory representations are involved, but their precise role has remained unclear. The current study asks whether auditory cortex shows sustained frequency-specific activation while sounds are maintained in short-term memory using high-resolution functional MRI (fMRI). Investigating short-term memory representations within regions of human auditory cortex with fMRI has been difficult because of their small size and high anatomical variability between subjects. However, we overcame these constraints by using multivoxel pattern analysis. It clearly revealed frequency-specific activity during the encoding phase of a change detection task, and the degree of this frequency-specific activation was positively related to performance in the task. Although the sounds had to be maintained in memory, activity in auditory cortex was significantly suppressed. Strikingly, patterns of activity in this maintenance period correlated negatively with the patterns evoked by the same frequencies during encoding. Furthermore, individuals who used a rehearsal strategy to remember the sounds showed reduced frequency-specific suppression during the maintenance period. Although negative activations are often disregarded in fMRI research, our findings imply that decreases in blood oxygenation level-dependent response carry important stimulus-specific information and can be related to cognitive processes. We hypothesize that, during auditory change detection, frequency-specific suppression protects short-term memory representations from being overwritten by inhibiting the encoding of interfering sounds.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.