ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2011
Serine protease autotransporters from Shigella flexneri and pathogenic Escherichia coli target a broad range of leukocyte glycoproteins.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 66 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
66 citing papers in PubMed, 108 citations in OpenAlex.
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- The Bacterial Swiss Army Knife: ExPEC Utilizes Multiple Resistance Mechanisms to Counteract Host Immune Responses.Vaccines · 2025Review
- EatA mediated degradation of intestinal mucus is species-specific and driven by MUC2 structural features.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Defining enteric bacterial pathogenesis using organoids:Gut microbes · 2025Article
- Shigella sonnei: epidemiology, evolution, pathogenesis, resistance and host interactions.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2025Review
- SPATEs promote the survival ofProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Association of Putative Virulence Genes with HEp-2 Cell Adherence and Biofilm Production in EnteroaggregativeIndian journal of microbiology · 2024Article
- Review
- The Diversity ofMicroorganisms · 2023Review
- Porcine extraintestinal pathogenicFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
- Novel organisation and regulation of theVirulence · 2022Article
- Molecular mechanisms of Shigella effector proteins: a common pathogen among diarrheic pediatric population.Molecular and cellular pediatrics · 2022Review
- Categorizing Sequences of Concern by Function To Better Assess Mechanisms of Microbial Pathogenesis.Infection and immunity · 2022Review
- Cinnamaldehyde Increases the Survival of Mice Submitted to Sepsis Induced by Extraintestinal PathogenicAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- EnterotoxigenicInfection and immunity · 2022Article
- Extraintestinal PathogenicPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Recent Progress inPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Klebsiella spp. cause severe and fatal disease in Mozambican children: antimicrobial resistance profile and molecular characterization.BMC infectious diseases · 2021Article
6 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The serine protease autotransporters of Enterobacteriaceae (SPATEs) are secreted by pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria through the autotransporter pathway. We previously classified SPATE proteins into two classes: cytotoxic (class 1) and noncytotoxic (class 2). Here, we show that Pic, a class 2 SPATE protein produced by Shigella flexneri 2a, uropathogenic and enteroaggregative Escherichia coli strains, targets a broad range of human leukocyte adhesion proteins. Substrate specificity was restricted to glycoproteins rich in O-linked glycans, including CD43, CD44, CD45, CD93, CD162 (PSGL-1; P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1), and the surface-attached chemokine fractalkine, all implicated in leukocyte trafficking, migration, and inflammation. N-terminal sequencing of proteolytic products revealed Pic (protease involved in colonization) cleavage sites to occur before Thr or Ser residues. The purified carbohydrate sLewis-X implied in inflammation and malignancy inhibited cleavage of PSGL-1 by Pic. Exposure of human leukocytes to purified Pic resulted in polymorphonuclear cell activation, but impaired chemotaxis and transmigration; Pic-treated T cells underwent programmed cell death. We also show that the Pic-related protease Tsh/Hbp, implicated in extraintestinal infections, exhibited a spectrum of substrates similar to those cleaved by Pic. In the guinea pig keratoconjunctivitis model, a Shigella pic mutant induced greater inflammation than its parent strain. We suggest that the class-2 SPATEs represent unique immune-modulating bacterial virulence factors.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.