ArticleAmerican journal of medical genetics. Part C, Seminars in medical genetics2011
We don't know what we don't study: the case for research on medication effects in pregnancy.
Article in American journal of medical genetics. Part C, Seminars in medical genetics, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prescribed medicines among pregnant women attending health facilities in Eritrea: patterns, safety, and determinants.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Maternal medication use in pregnancy and offspring ASD risk: A prescription-wide, target-informed study.European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists · 2025Article
- Endocrine disruption and male reproductive disorders: unanswered questions.Human reproduction (Oxford, England) · 2024Review
- Safety evaluation of COVID-19 vaccination during early pregnancy: A single-center prospective cohort study of Chinese pregnant women.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2023Article
- Antibiotic Treatment During Pregnancy and the First Six Months Postpartum - a Secondary Analysis of the "Healthy Living in Pregnancy" (GeliS) Study.Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde · 2023Article
- Perceived risks of over-the-counter medication use among pregnant Saudi mothers: A cross-sectional study.Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences · 2022Article
- Protocol of a prospective and multicentre China Teratology Birth Cohort (CTBC): association of maternal drug exposure during pregnancy with adverse pregnancy outcomes.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2021Article
- Use of Topical Tazarotene for the Treatment of Acne Vulgaris in Pregnancy: A Literature Review.The Journal of clinical and aesthetic dermatology · 2020Review
- Prescription and Other Medication Use in Pregnancy.Obstetrics and gynecology · 2018Article
- Fair inclusion of pregnant women in clinical trials: an integrated scientific and ethical approach.Trials · 2018Article
- Placental transporter localization and expression in the Human: the importance of species, sex, and gestational age differences†.Biology of reproduction · 2017Review
- Depression, Anxiety, and Pharmacotherapy Around the Time of Pregnancy in Hawaii.International journal of behavioral medicine · 2016Article
- Translational Epidemiologic Approaches to Understanding the Consequences of Early-Life Exposures.Behavior genetics · 2016Review
- The Most Commonly Dispensed Prescription Medications Among Pregnant Women Enrolled in the U.S. Medicaid Program.Obstetrics and gynecology · 2015Article
- Reply: To PMID 24881821.American journal of obstetrics and gynecology · 2015Article
- Article
- Prescription drug use during and immediately before pregnancy in Hawai'i—findings from the Hawai'i Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, 2009-2011.Hawai'i journal of medicine & public health : a journal of Asia Pacific Medicine & Public Health · 2014Article
- Medication exposure during pregnancy: a pilot pharmacovigilance system using health and demographic surveillance platform.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2014Observational
- Clinically suspected acute myopericarditis with cardiac tamponade associated with peripheral blood eosinophilia presenting in early pregnancy: a case report.Journal of medical case reports · 2013Article
- Prevalence, trends, and patterns of use of antidiabetic medications among pregnant women, 2001-2007.Obstetrics and gynecology · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
This Commentary addresses issues related to exposures to teratogens and makes the case for increased research into the safety of medication usage during pregnancy for mothers and fetuses. Not only are medications commonly used during pregnancy, but evidence points to an increasing prevalence and number of drug exposures experienced by the embryo or fetus, particularly during the critical first trimester of pregnancy. Although the first trimester represents a particularly vulnerable period of organogenesis, exposures during other gestational time periods may also be associated with deleterious outcomes. In addition to the changing (and in many cases unknown) risks to a developing fetus, other challenges to studying medication exposures and their effects during pregnancy include the dramatic changes in physiology that occur in pregnant women and the ethical dilemmas posed by including this vulnerable population in randomized controlled trials of safety and efficacy. However, without adequate knowledge of the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, efficacy, and safety of medication use in pregnancy, women may be under-dosed to minimize exposure or not treated at all, resulting in inadequate treatment and potential harm to the mother and her baby. The Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) is undertaking studies on medications and teratogenic exposures during pregnancy, including alcohol, maternal diabetes, oral hypoglycemic agents, and antiviral medications, through several of its research networks. Although this is a start, there is a critical need for further research on medications used during pregnancy, especially their effects on both the mother and her developing child.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.