ArticleAmerican journal of medical genetics. Part C, Seminars in medical genetics2011
Case-control studies for identifying novel teratogens.
Article in American journal of medical genetics. Part C, Seminars in medical genetics, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Original Findings and Updated Meta-Analysis for the Association Between Maternal Diabetes and Risk for Congenital Heart Disease Phenotypes.American journal of epidemiology · 2017Pooled it
- Real-world data are not always big data: the case for primary data collection on medication use in pregnancy in the context of birth defects research.American journal of epidemiology · 2024Article
- Interpreting the pharmacoepidemiology literature in obstetrical studies: A guide for clinicians.Seminars in perinatology · 2020Review
- Risk factors for primary congenital glaucoma in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study.American journal of medical genetics. Part A · 2019Article
- Biases Inherent in Studies of Coffee Consumption in Early Pregnancy and the Risks of Subsequent Events.Nutrients · 2018Review
- Association between antibiotic use among pregnant women with urinary tract infections in the first trimester and birth defects, National Birth Defects Prevention Study 1997 to 2011.Birth defects research. Part A, Clinical and molecular teratology · 2016Article
- Adjusting for bias due to incomplete case ascertainment in case-control studies of birth defects.American journal of epidemiology · 2015Article
- Challenges in Studying Modifiable Risk Factors for Birth Defects.Current epidemiology reports · 2015Article
- Congenital Malformations and Consequential Epidemiology.Current epidemiology reports · 2015Article
- Prenatal exposure to nitrosatable drugs, vitamin C, and risk of selected birth defects.Birth defects research. Part A, Clinical and molecular teratology · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The case-control study design offers an operationally efficient approach to measuring an association between an exposure and an outcome, especially when the outcome is rare, as is true for specific birth defects. For example, instead of following 50,000 pregnant women to have sufficient statistical power to identify a doubling in risk of oral clefts associated with a common exposure (e.g., cigarette smoking), 75 cases and 3 controls per case could be studied with equal statistical power. Examples of case sources include hospital or clinical series, or birth defect registries. For validity, control subjects should represent the population base of the cases, which can be difficult to identify for non-population-based case groups. Case-control studies typically rely on retrospective exposure measurement, which presents a major challenge and sets up the possibility of recall bias. Approaches are discussed to keep sources of bias to a minimum, including recall, non-differential information, and selection biases. Case-control studies can play an important role in this process for both hypothesis-generation and hypothesis-testing of potential teratogens. Examples of case-control studies and their contributions to the field are presented. © 2011 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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