Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21762813›Full record

ArticleJournal of molecular biology2011

Accessory mutations maintain stability in drug-resistant HIV-1 protease.

Max W Chang, Bruce E Torbett

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of molecular biology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
47citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

47 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Kinetic coevolutionary models predict the temporal emergence of HIV-1 resistance mutations under drug selection pressure.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Viral proteases as therapeutic targets.Molecular aspects of medicine · 2022
    Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. A yeast-based system to study SARS-CoV-2 MbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2022
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Elasticity-Associated Functionality and Inhibition of the HIV Protease.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2022
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Max W ChangDepartment of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Bruce E Torbett

Funding

VirologyP30AI036214 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI Sara Gianella Weibel · 1994 to 2026
$78.4M
STRUCTURAL STUDIES OF FIV PROTEASE INHIBITOR COMPLEXESP01GM048870 · NIGMS · SCRIPPS RESEARCH INSTITUTE, THE · PI OLSON, ARTHUR J. · 1992 to 2007
$10.3M
STRUCTURE-BASED MECHANISMS FOR RESISTANCE TO PROTEASE INHIBITORSP01GM083658 · NIGMS · SCRIPPS RESEARCH INSTITUTE, THE · PI OLSON, ARTHUR J. · 2008 to 2012
$9.6M
Virology of the Central Nervous SystemT32NS041219 · NINDS · SCRIPPS RESEARCH INSTITUTE, THE · PI ELDER, JOHN H · 2001 to 2010
$2.4M
Structural basis for drug resistance in HIV and FIV PRsR01AI081585 · NIAID · SCRIPPS RESEARCH INSTITUTE, THE · PI ELDER, JOHN H · 2009 to 2010
$950k
NIAID NIH HHS 3 P30 AI036214-13S1NIAID NIH HHS AI081585NIAID NIH HHS P30 AI036214NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI081585NIGMS NIH HHS GM083658NIGMS NIH HHS GM48870NIGMS NIH HHS P01 GM048870NIGMS NIH HHS P01 GM083658NINDS NIH HHS 5T32NS041219
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The underlying mechanisms driving the evolution of drug resistance in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are only partially understood. We investigated the evolutionary cost of the major resistance mutations in HIV-1 protease in terms of protein stability. The accumulation of resistance mutations destabilizes the protease, limiting further adaptation. From an analysis of clinical isolates, we identified specific accessory mutations that were able to restore the stability of the protease or even increase it beyond the wild-type baseline. Resistance mutations were also found to decrease the activity of HIV protease near neutral pH values, while incorporating stabilizing mutations improved the enzyme's pH tolerance. These findings help us to explain the prevalence of mutations located far from the active site and underscore the importance of protein stability during the evolution of drug resistance in HIV.

Indexed as

Calorimetry, Differential ScanningDrug Resistance, ViralEnzyme StabilityHIV-1HIV ProteaseHIV Protease InhibitorsHumansHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationMutant ProteinsMutationProtein MultimerizationHIV ProteaseHIV Protease InhibitorsMutant Proteinsp16 protease, Human immunodeficiency virus 1

Identifiers

PMID21762813
PMCPMC3139113

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.