ArticleThe American journal of managed care2011
Extended-release naltrexone for alcohol dependence: persistence and healthcare costs and utilization.
Article in The American journal of managed care, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05228418 (Bridging ED to Outpatient AUD Therapy With Naltrexone), which is not on this map. Cited by 19 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Bridging ED to Outpatient AUD Therapy With Naltrexone
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparative Effectiveness of Naltrexone Formulations in Alcohol Use Disorder: An Updated Meta-Analysis.Psychopharmacology bulletin · 2026Pooled it
- Extended-release naltrexone versus oral naltrexone for substance use disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2025Pooled it
- Extended-release naltrexone versus oral naltrexone for substance use disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2025Pooled it
- Extended-release naltrexone for alcohol and opioid dependence: a meta-analysis of healthcare utilization studies.Journal of substance abuse treatment · 2014Pooled it
- Single-dose intravenous ketamine or intramuscular naltrexone for high-utilization inpatients with alcohol use disorder: pilot trial feasibility and readmission rates.Addiction science & clinical practice · 2022Trial
- Opioid use and dropout in patients receiving oral naltrexone with or without single administration of injection naltrexone.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2015Trial
- Treatment patterns and healthcare resource use among veterans initiating medication for incident moderate-to-severe alcohol use disorder.The American journal on addictions · 2025Article
- Pharmacist-Driven Alcohol Use Disorder Screening May Increase Inpatient Utilization of Extended-Release Naltrexone: A Single Center Pilot Study.Pharmacy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Veteran adherence to oral versus injectable AUD medication treatment.The mental health clinician · 2021Article
- Pharmacotherapeutic management of co-morbid alcohol and opioid use.Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy · 2020Review
- Effect of Integrating Substance Use Disorder Treatment into Primary Care on Inpatient and Emergency Department Utilization.Journal of general internal medicine · 2019Article
- An Overview of Pharmacotherapy Options for Alcohol Use Disorder.Federal practitioner : for the health care professionals of the VA, DoD, and PHS · 2018Article
- Barriers to initiation of extended release naltrexone among HIV-infected adults with alcohol use disorders.Journal of substance abuse treatment · 2018Article
- Efficacy of long-acting, injectable versus oral naltrexone for preventing admissions for alcohol use disorder.The mental health clinician · 2017Article
- Optimising health and safety of people who inject drugs during transition from acute to outpatient care: narrative review with clinical checklist.Postgraduate medical journal · 2016Review
- Service delivery and pharmacotherapy for alcohol use disorder in the era of health reform: Data from a national sample of treatment organizations.Substance abuse · 2016Article
- A pharmaceutical industry perspective on the economics of treatments for alcohol and opioid use disorders.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 2014Review
- Establishing the feasibility of measuring performance in use of addiction pharmacotherapy.Journal of substance abuse treatment · 2013Article
- A delayed injection-site reaction in a patient receiving extended-release naltrexone.Substance abuseArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveEvaluate persistence with treatment, healthcare costs, and utilization in stably enrolled Aetna Behavioral Health members receiving extended-release naltrexone (XR-NTX) for alcohol use dependence compared with oral medications and psychosocial therapy only. STUDY
designHistorical cohort study.
methodsAetna beneficiaries with stable enrollment (at least 6 months before and after index treatment) who initiated pharmacotherapy with XR-NTX (n = 211), disulfiram (n = 1043), oral naltrexone (n = 1408), acamprosate (n = 2479), or psychosocial therapy only (n = 6374) for alcohol use disorders between January 1, 2007, and December 31, 2008, were extracted and deidentified from Aetna's nationwide claims and utilization database. Survival analysis compared persistence with XR-NTX versus oral pharmacotherapies. Difference-in-differences analysis compared healthcare costs and utilization among patients receiving XR-NTX versus oral pharmacotherapies and psychosocial therapy only. Multivariate analyses controlled for demographics.
resultsPatients taking acamprosate and disulfiram were more likely to discontinue treatment than patients taking naltrexone, and patients given oral naltrexone were more likely to discontinue treatment than those given XR-NTX. Outpatient behavioral health treatment visits increased in all study groups. Nonpharmacy healthcare costs and utilization of inpatient and emergency services decreased in the XR-NTX group relative to other study groups.
conclusionPatients receiving XR-NTX persisted with treatment longer than patients receiving oral alcohol use-disorder medications or psychosocial therapy only, and had decreased inpatient and emergency healthcare costs and utilization compared with those receiving other medications.
Indexed as
Identifiers
21761949PMC3556906W1918759949What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.