Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21752954›Full record

ArticleClinical and vaccine immunology : CVI2011

Comparison of plasmid vaccine immunization schedules using intradermal in vivo electroporation.

David Hallengärd, B Kristian Haller, Anna-Karin Maltais, Eva Gelius, Kopek Nihlmark, Britta Wahren, Andreas Bråve

Open access · diamondAbstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed
6.4field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.

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  8. Novel immunological strategies for HIV-1 eradication.Journal of virus eradication · 2015
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

David HallengärdSwedish Institute for Communicable Disease Control, Nobels Väg 18, 171 82 Solna, Stockholm, Sweden. david.hallengard@ki.se
B Kristian Haller
Anna-Karin Maltais
Eva Gelius
Kopek Nihlmark
Britta Wahren
Andreas Bråve
Karolinska Institutet · SEMabtech (Sweden) · SE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In vivo electroporation (EP) has proven to significantly increase plasmid transfection efficiency and to augment immune responses after immunization with plasmids. In this study, we attempted to establish an immunization protocol using intradermal (i.d.) EP. BALB/c mice were immunized with a plasmid encoding HIV-1 p37Gag, either i.d. with the Derma Vax EP device, intramuscularly (i.m.) without EP, or with combinations of both. A novel FluoroSpot assay was used to evaluate the vaccine-specific cellular immune responses. The study showed that i.d. EP immunizations induced stronger immune responses than i.m. immunizations using a larger amount of DNA and that repeated i.d. EP immunizations induced stronger immune responses than i.m. priming followed by i.d. EP boosting. Two and three i.d. EP immunizations induced immune responses of similar magnitude, and a short interval between immunizations was superior to a longer interval in terms of the magnitude of cellular immune responses. The FluoroSpot assay allowed for the quantification of vaccine-specific cells secreting either gamma interferon (IFN-γ), interleukin-2 (IL-2), or both, and the sensitivity of the assay was confirmed with IFN-γ and IL-2 enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot (ELISpot) assays. The data obtained in this study can aid in the design of vaccine protocols using i.d. EP, and the results emphasize the advantages of the FluoroSpot assay over traditional ELISpot assay and intracellular staining for the detection and quantification of bifunctional vaccine-specific immune responses.

Indexed as

ElectroporationImmunization ScheduleAdministration, CutaneousAdministration, IntranasalAnimalsFemalegag Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency VirusHIV AntibodiesImmunity, CellularInterferon-gammaInterleukin-2MiceMice, Inbred BALB CPlasmidsVaccines, DNAgag Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency VirusHIV AntibodiesInterferon-gammaInterleukin-2Vaccines, DNA

Identifiers

PMID21752954
PMCPMC3165233
OpenAlexW2157679566

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.