ArticleBiomedical optics express2011
Encapsulation of FITC to monitor extracellular pH: a step towards the development of red blood cells as circulating blood analyte biosensors.
Article in Biomedical optics express, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Medical Basis for the Photoluminescence of Indocyanine Green.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Red blood cells: The metamorphosis of a neglected carrier into the natural mothership for artificial nanocarriers.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2021Review
- Phototheranostics Using Erythrocyte-Based Particles.Biomolecules · 2021Review
- Chronicles of Nanoerythrosomes: An Erythrocyte-Based Biomimetic Smart Drug Delivery System as a Therapeutic and Diagnostic Tool in Cancer Therapy.Pharmaceutics · 2021Review
- Ultrasonic atomizer based development of pH sensor for real time analysis.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Erythrocytes as Carriers: From Drug Delivery to Biosensors.Pharmaceutics · 2020Review
- Enhanced non-viral gene delivery by coordinated endosomal release and inhibition of β-tubulin deactylase.Nucleic acids research · 2017Article
- Optical properties of biomimetic probes engineered from erythrocytes.Nanotechnology · 2017Article
- A novel rapid and reproducible flow cytometric method for optimization of transfection efficiency in cells.PloS one · 2017Article
- Article
- Cell or cell membrane-based drug delivery systems.Theranostics · 2015Review
- Erythrocyte-derived photo-theranostic agents: hybrid nano-vesicles containing indocyanine green for near infrared imaging and therapeutic applications.Scientific reports · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
A need exists for a long-term, minimally-invasive system to monitor blood analytes. For certain analytes, such as glucose in the case of diabetics, a continuous system would help reduce complications. Current methods suffer significant drawbacks, such as low patient compliance for the finger stick test or short lifetime (i.e., 3-7 days) and required calibrations for continuous glucose monitors. Red blood cells (RBCs) are potential biocompatible carriers of sensing assays for long-term monitoring. We demonstrate that RBCs can be loaded with an analyte-sensitive fluorescent dye. In the current study, FITC, a pH-sensitive fluorescent dye, is encapsulated within resealed red cell ghosts. Intracellular FITC reports on extracellular pH: fluorescence intensity increases as extracellular pH increases because the RBC rapidly equilibrates to the pH of the external environment through the chloride-bicarbonate exchanger. The resealed ghost sensors exhibit an excellent ability to reversibly track pH over the physiological pH range with a resolution down to 0.014 pH unit. Dye loading efficiency varies from 30% to 80%. Although complete loading is ideal, it is not necessary, as the fluorescence signal is an integration of all resealed ghosts within the excitation volume. The resealed ghosts could serve as a long-term (>1 to 2 months), continuous, circulating biosensor for the management of diseases, such as diabetes.
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