Trial reportEuropean journal of applied physiology2012
Gender differences in the physiological responses and kinematic behaviour of elite sprint cross-country skiers.
Trial report in European journal of applied physiology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Running Assessed Maximal Oxygen Uptake Increases with Participant Classification Framework Tier in Overall Cross-Country Skiing Performance: A Systematic Review with Meta-regressions.Sports medicine - open · 2026Pooled it
- The effect of lower inter-limb asymmetries on athletic performance: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2023Pooled it
- Physiological Response Differences between Run and Cycle High Intensity Interval Training Program in Recreational Middle Age Female Runners.Journal of sports science & medicine · 2020Trial
- Sex differences in speed and sub-technique selection in elite sprint cross-country skiers: a time-trial qualification analysis.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2026Article
- Sex Differences in Performance and Performance-Determining Factors in the Olympic Winter Endurance Sports.Sports medicine - open · 2024Review
- What place does elite sport have for women? A scoping review of constraints.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2023Article
- Differences between Elite Male and Female Badminton Athletes Regarding Heart Rate Variability, Arterial Stiffness, and Aerobic Capacity.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Upper- vs. Lower-Body Exercise Performance in Female and Male Cross-Country Skiers.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2021Article
- Physiological and Biomechanical Determinants of Sprint Ability Following Variable Intensity Exercise When Roller Ski Skating.Frontiers in physiology · 2021Article
- Laboratory-Based Factors Predicting Skiing Performance in Female and Male Biathletes.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2020Article
- Sex-based differences in sub-technique selection during an international classical cross-country skiing competition.PloS one · 2020Article
- Talent Development in Young Cross-Country Skiers: Longitudinal Analysis of Anthropometric and Physiological Characteristics.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2020Article
- Virtual Reality Is Sexist: But It Does Not Have to Be.Frontiers in robotics and AI · 2020Article
- Comparisons of Macro-Kinematic Strategies During the Rounds of a Cross-Country Skiing Sprint Competition in Classic Technique.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2020Article
- Sex Differences in Performance and Pacing Strategies During Sprint Skiing.Frontiers in physiology · 2019Article
- Macro-Kinematic Differences Between Sprint and Distance Cross-Country Skiing Competitions Using the Classical Technique.Frontiers in physiology · 2018Article
- Factors that Influence the Performance of Elite Sprint Cross-Country Skiers.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2017Review
- Full course macro-kinematic analysis of a 10 km classical cross-country skiing competition.PloS one · 2017Article
- Gender differences in power production, energetic capacity and efficiency of elite cross‑country skiers during whole‑body, upper‑body, and arm poling.European journal of applied physiology · 2016Article
- Aerobic power and lean mass are indicators of competitive sprint performance among elite female cross-country skiers.Open access journal of sports medicine · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Gender differences in performance by elite endurance athletes, including runners, track cyclists and speed skaters, have been shown to be approximately 12%. The present study was designed to examine gender differences in physiological responses and kinematics associated with sprint cross-country skiing. Eight male and eight female elite sprint cross-country skiers, matched for performance, carried out a submaximal test, a test of maximal aerobic capacity (VO(2max)) and a shorter test of maximal treadmill speed (V (max)) during treadmill roller skiing utilizing the G3 skating technique. The men attained 17% higher speeds during both the VO(2max) and the V (max) tests (P < 0.05 in both cases), differences that were reduced to 9% upon normalization for fat-free body mass. Furthermore, the men exhibited 14 and 7% higher VO(2max) relative to total and fat-free body mass, respectively (P < 0.05 in both cases). The gross efficiency was similar for both gender groups. At the same absolute speed, men employed 11% longer cycles at lower rates, and at peak speed, 21% longer cycle lengths (P < 0.05 in all cases). The current study documents approximately 5% larger gender differences in performance and VO(2max) than those reported for comparable endurance sports. These differences reflect primarily the higher VO(2max) and lower percentage of body fat in men, since no gender differences in the ability to convert metabolic rate into work rate and speed were observed. With regards to kinematics, the gender difference in performance was explained by cycle length, not by cycle rate.
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Registered trials
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