Trial reportEuropean journal of applied physiology2012
Higher prevalence of exercise-associated hyponatremia in female than in male open-water ultra-endurance swimmers: the 'Marathon-Swim' in Lake Zurich.
Trial report in European journal of applied physiology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed.
- Half-marathon running performance is not improved by a rate of fluid intake above that dictated by thirst sensation in trained distance runners.European journal of applied physiology · 2013Trial
- Swimming-induced pulmonary oedema in triathletes: A narrative review of epidemiology, risk factors and prevention.Sports medicine and health science · 2026Review
- Fluid balance, kidney function, and acute kidney injury risk in healthy men and women during simulated work-related heat stress.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2026Article
- No hyponatremia despite continuous plasma sodium decline in female runners during a seven stage ultramarathon.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Exercise-Associated Hyponatremia: Serum Sodium, Symptomatology, Severity, and Sport Specificity.Open access journal of sports medicine · 2025Review
- Case of transient global amnesia-like syndrome after recreational cold-water swimming.BMJ case reports · 2023Article
- Exercise-Associated Hyponatremia in Marathon Runners.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
- Exercise-Associated Hyponatremia in Endurance and Ultra-Endurance Performance-Aspects of Sex, Race Location, Ambient Temperature, Sports Discipline, and Length of Performance: A Narrative Review.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2019Review
- Waterproof, electronics-enabled, epidermal microfluidic devices for sweat collection, biomarker analysis, and thermography in aquatic settings.Science advances · 2019Article
- Nutrition in Ultra-Endurance: State of the Art.Nutrients · 2018Review
- Maintained Hydration Status After a 24-h Winter Mountain Running Race Under Extremely Cold Conditions.Frontiers in physiology · 2018Article
- Sex differences in the brain: a whole body perspective.Biology of sex differences · 2015Review
- Physiopathological, Epidemiological, Clinical and Therapeutic Aspects of Exercise-Associated Hyponatremia.Journal of clinical medicine · 2014Review
- Biochemical and hematological changes following the 120-km open-water marathon swim.Journal of sports science & medicine · 2014Article
- Changes in sex difference in swimming speed in finalists at FINA World Championships and the Olympic Games from 1992 to 2013.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2014Article
- What do athletes drink during competitive sporting activities?Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2013Review
- Analysis of 10 km swimming performance of elite male and female open-water swimmers.SpringerPlus · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We investigated the prevalence of exercise-associated hyponatremia (EAH) in 25 male and 11 female open-water ultra-endurance swimmers participating in the 'Marathon-Swim' in Lake Zurich, Switzerland, covering a distance of 26.4 km. Changes in body mass, fat mass, skeletal muscle mass, total body water, urine specific gravity, plasma sodium concentration [Na(+)] and haematocrit were determined. Two males (8%) and four females (36%) developed EAH where one female was symptomatic with plasma sodium [Na(+)] of 127 mmol/L. Body mass and plasma [Na(+)] decreased (p < 0.05). The changes in body mass correlated in both male and female swimmers to post-race plasma [Na(+)] (r = -0.67, p = 0.0002 and r = -0.80, p = 0.0034, respectively) and changes in plasma [Na(+)] (r = -0.68, p = 0.0002 and r = -0.79, p = 0.0039, respectively). Fluid intake was neither associated with changes in body mass, post-race plasma [Na(+)] or the change in plasma [Na(+)]. Sodium intake showed no association with either the changes in plasma [Na(+)] or post-race plasma [Na(+)]. We concluded that the prevalence of EAH was greater in female than in male open-water ultra-endurance swimmers.
Indexed as
Identifiers
21748367What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.