ArticlePloS one2011
Rapid and accurate detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum samples by Cepheid Xpert MTB/RIF assay--a clinical validation study.
Article in PloS one, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 78 papers, 9 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
78 citing papers in PubMed, 9 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 164 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of the diagnostic test Xpert MTB/RIF on patient outcomes for tuberculosis.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2021Pooled it
- Which sample type is better for Xpert MTB/RIF to diagnose adult and pediatric pulmonary tuberculosis?Bioscience reports · 2020Pooled it
- Xpert MTB/RIF assay for the diagnosis of rifampicin resistance in different regions: a meta-analysis.BMC microbiology · 2019Pooled it
- Xpert MTB/RIF and Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra for pulmonary tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance in adults.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019Pooled it
- High HIV and active tuberculosis prevalence and increased mortality risk in adults with symptoms of TB: a systematic review and meta-analyses.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2018Pooled it
- Effectiveness of real-time polymerase chain reaction assay for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in pathological samples: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Systematic reviews · 2017Pooled it
- Xpert® MTB/RIF assay for pulmonary tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance in adults.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2014Pooled it
- Meta-analysis to compare the accuracy of GeneXpert, MODS and the WHO 2007 algorithm for diagnosis of smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis.BMC infectious diseases · 2013Pooled it
- Xpert® MTB/RIF assay for pulmonary tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance in adults.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2013Pooled it
- Trial
- Prevalence and associated factors of rifampicin resistance pulmonary tuberculosis among HIV-positive patients in Bahir Dar, Northwest, Ethiopia.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Diagnostic value of GeneXpert MTB/RIF in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid for pulmonary non-tuberculosis mycobacterial in acid-fast stain smear-positive and GeneXpert MTB/RIF-negative cases.Journal of thoracic disease · 2025Article
- Diagnostic efficacy of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchoscopic lung biopsy for identifying tuberculous nodules.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Rifampicin Resistance Pattern of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection in Tertiary Care Hospital Settings.Cureus · 2024Article
- Prevalence, associated factors and rifampicin resistance pattern of pulmonary tuberculosis among HIV-positive patients attending antiretroviral treatment clinic at East Gojjam Zone, Ethiopia: An institution-based cross-sectional study.Journal of clinical tuberculosis and other mycobacterial diseases · 2022Article
- Improving stool sample processing and pyrosequencing for quantifying benzimidazole resistance alleles in Trichuris trichiura and Necator americanus pooled eggs.Parasites & vectors · 2021Article
- Baseline Xpert MTB/RIF ct values predict sputum conversion during the intensive phase of anti-TB treatment in HIV infected patients in Kampala, Uganda: a retrospective study.BMC infectious diseases · 2021Article
- Gene Xpert/MTB RIF assay for spinal tuberculosis- sensitivity, specificity and clinical utility.Journal of clinical orthopaedics and trauma · 2021Article
- Performance of GeneXpert MTB/RIF for Diagnosing Tuberculosis Among Symptomatic Household Contacts of Index Patients in South Africa.Open forum infectious diseases · 2021Article
- A New Gold Rush: A Review of Current and Developing Diagnostic Tools for Urinary Tract Infections.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
18 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundA crucial impediment to global tuberculosis control is the lack of an accurate, rapid diagnostic test for detection of patients with active TB. A new, rapid diagnostic method, (Cepheid) Xpert MTB/RIF Assay, is an automated sample preparation and real-time PCR instrument, which was shown to have good potential as an alternative to current reference standard sputum microscopy and culture.
methodsWe performed a clinical validation study on diagnostic accuracy of the Xpert MTB/RIF Assay in a TB and HIV endemic setting. Sputum samples from 292 consecutively enrolled adults from Mbeya, Tanzania, with suspected TB were subject to analysis by the Xpert MTB/RIF Assay. The diagnostic performance of Xpert MTB/RIF Assay was compared to standard sputum smear microscopy and culture. Confirmed Mycobacterium tuberculosis in a positive culture was used as a reference standard for TB diagnosis.
resultsXpert MTB/RIF Assay achieved 88.4% (95%CI = 78.4% to 94.9%) sensitivity among patients with a positive culture and 99% (95%CI = 94.7% to 100.0%) specificity in patients who had no TB. HIV status did not affect test performance in 172 HIV-infected patients (58.9% of all participants). Seven additional cases (9.1% of 77) were detected by Xpert MTB/RIF Assay among the group of patients with clinical TB who were culture negative. Within 45 sputum samples which grew non-tuberculous mycobacteria the assay's specificity was 97.8% (95%CI = 88.2% to 99.9%).
conclusionsThe Xpert MTB/RIF Assay is a highly sensitive, specific and rapid method for diagnosing TB which has potential to complement the current reference standard of TB diagnostics and increase its overall sensitivity. Its usefulness in detecting sputum smear and culture negative patients needs further study. Further evaluation in high burden TB and HIV areas under programmatic health care settings to ascertain applicability, cost-effectiveness, robustness and local acceptance are required.
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