Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21736738›Full record

ArticleRetrovirology2011

Phylogenetic analysis consistent with a clinical history of sexual transmission of HIV-1 from a single donor reveals transmission of highly distinct variants.

Suzanne English, Aris Katzourakis, David Bonsall, Peter Flanagan, Anna Duda, Sarah Fidler, Jonathan Weber, Myra McClure, SPARTAC Trial Investigators, Rodney Phillips and 1 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Retrovirology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed
1.0field-weighted citation impact, top 28% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  5. Phylogenetically resolving epidemiologic linkage.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2016
    Article
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  7. Review
  8. Article
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  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. The evolution of HIV: inferences using phylogenetics.Molecular phylogenetics and evolution · 2012
    Review
  14. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Suzanne EnglishNuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, Oxford University, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3SY, UK.
Aris Katzourakis
David Bonsall
Peter Flanagan
Anna Duda
Sarah Fidler
Jonathan Weber
Myra McClure
SPARTAC Trial Investigators
Rodney Phillips
John Frater
University of Oxford · GBSt Mary's Hospital · GBMedawar Building for Pathogen Research · GB

Funding

Medical Research Council G108/626Medical Research Council MC_U122886352Wellcome Trust
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundTo combat the pandemic of human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1), a successful vaccine will need to cope with the variability of transmissible viruses. Human hosts infected with HIV-1 potentially harbour many viral variants but very little is known about viruses that are likely to be transmitted, or even if there are viral characteristics that predict enhanced transmission in vivo. We show for the first time that genetic divergence consistent with a single transmission event in vivo can represent several years of pre-transmission evolution.

resultsWe describe a highly unusual case consistent with a single donor transmitting highly related but distinct HIV-1 variants to two individuals on the same evening. We confirm that the clustering of viral genetic sequences, present within each recipient, is consistent with the history of a single donor across the viral env, gag and pol genes by maximum likelihood and bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo based phylogenetic analyses. Based on an uncorrelated, lognormal relaxed clock of env gene evolution calibrated with other datasets, the time since the most recent common ancestor is estimated as 2.86 years prior to transmission (95% confidence interval 1.28 to 4.54 years).

conclusionOur results show that an effective design for a preventative vaccine will need to anticipate extensive HIV-1 diversity within an individual donor as well as diversity at the population level.

Indexed as

PhylogenyCohort StudiesFemaleHIV-1HIV InfectionsHumansMaleMolecular Sequence DataViral ProteinsViral Proteins

Identifiers

PMID21736738
PMCPMC3161944
OpenAlexW2101421215

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.