Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21734247›Full record

ReviewClinical microbiology reviews2011

Expert systems in clinical microbiology.

Trevor Winstanley, Patrice Courvalin

Open access · bronzeAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Clinical microbiology reviews, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
44citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
3.5field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

44 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 122 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Lack of Association BetweenAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Article
  6. Detection of ESBL-producingJournal of clinical microbiology · 2025
    Article
  7. Rapid diagnosis of urinary tract infection with miniaturised point-of-care cultivation on a dipstick.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2025
    Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Rapid Drug Susceptibility Testing to Preserve Antibiotics.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2024
    Review
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Trevor WinstanleyDepartment of Microbiology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, United Kingdom. tgwinstanley@hotmail.com
Patrice Courvalin
Institut Pasteur · FRRoyal Hallamshire Hospital · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This review aims to discuss expert systems in general and how they may be used in medicine as a whole and clinical microbiology in particular (with the aid of interpretive reading). It considers rule-based systems, pattern-based systems, and data mining and introduces neural nets. A variety of noncommercial systems is described, and the central role played by the EUCAST is stressed. The need for expert rules in the environment of reset EUCAST breakpoints is also questioned. Commercial automated systems with on-board expert systems are considered, with emphasis being placed on the "big three": Vitek 2, BD Phoenix, and MicroScan. By necessity and in places, the review becomes a general review of automated system performances for the detection of specific resistance mechanisms rather than focusing solely on expert systems. Published performance evaluations of each system are drawn together and commented on critically.

Indexed as

Expert SystemsAnti-Bacterial AgentsAutomationGram-Negative BacteriaGram-Positive CocciHumansMicrobial Sensitivity TestsAnti-Bacterial Agents

Identifiers

PMID21734247
PMCPMC3131062
OpenAlexW2157005529

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.