ReviewClinical microbiology reviews2011
Mechanisms of obligatory intracellular infection with Anaplasma phagocytophilum.
Review in Clinical microbiology reviews, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 134 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
134 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 228 citations in OpenAlex.
- Current status of ruminant anaplasmosis in Algeria: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Tropical animal health and production · 2024Pooled it
- Trial
- First Molecular Report of Haemaphysalis shimoga and Haemaphysalis bispinosa Infesting Captive Sambar Deer (Rusa unicolor) in Malaysia, with Detection of Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Theileria Co-infection.Acta parasitologica · 2026Article
- Machine Learning-Based Detection ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Article
- Tick Microbiome and Its Role in Emerging Zoonotic Diseases and Transmissibility.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Obligatory intracellular bacterium Anaplasma phagocytophilum AnkA regulates actin dynamics and spatiotemporal bacterial release.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Article
- Antibodies against tick-borne pathogens in domestic dogs in Norway: Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, tick-borne encephalitis virus, and Anaplasma phagocytophilum.Acta veterinaria Scandinavica · 2026Article
- Occurrence of Tick-Borne Pathogens inVeterinary medicine international · 2026Article
- An arthropod transporter IsOATP4056 exerts inhibitory effect on its interacting membrane protein to facilitate rickettsial pathogen survival in ticks.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2025Article
- Acquired tick resistance inInfection and immunity · 2025Article
- Distinct modes of cell division drivemBio · 2025Article
- Global prevalence ofNew microbes and new infections · 2025Article
- European Brown hare (International journal for parasitology. Parasites and wildlife · 2025Article
- Cytokine pattern during asymptomatic Anaplasma spp. infections and effect of co-infections by malaria and helminths in schoolchildren of Franceville, southeastern Gabon.Parasites & vectors · 2025Article
- McFarland Standards-Based Spectrophotometry Method for Calculating Approximate Multiplicity of Infection for an Obligate Intracellular BacteriumMicroorganisms · 2025Article
- Arthropod autophagy molecules facilitate Anaplasma phagocytophilum infection of Ixodes scapularis tick cells.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Article
- Molecular Detection and Phylogenetic Analysis ofVeterinary sciences · 2025Article
74 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Anaplasma phagocytophilum persists in nature by cycling between mammals and ticks. Human infection by the bite of an infected tick leads to a potentially fatal emerging disease called human granulocytic anaplasmosis. A. phagocytophilum is an obligatory intracellular bacterium that replicates inside mammalian granulocytes and the salivary gland and midgut cells of ticks. A. phagocytophilum evolved the remarkable ability to hijack the regulatory system of host cells. A. phagocytophilum alters vesicular traffic to create an intracellular membrane-bound compartment that allows replication in seclusion from lysosomes. The bacterium downregulates or actively inhibits a number of innate immune responses of mammalian host cells, and it upregulates cellular cholesterol uptake to acquire cholesterol for survival. It also upregulates several genes critical for the infection of ticks, and it prolongs tick survival at freezing temperatures. Several host factors that exacerbate infection have been identified, including interleukin-8 (IL-8) and cholesterol. Host factors that overcome infection include IL-12 and gamma interferon (IFN-γ). Two bacterial type IV secretion effectors and several bacterial proteins that associate with inclusion membranes have been identified. An understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying A. phagocytophilum infection will foster the development of creative ideas to prevent or treat this emerging tick-borne disease.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.