ArticleBlood2011
A human promyelocytic-like population is responsible for the immune suppression mediated by myeloid-derived suppressor cells.
Article in Blood, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 203 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
203 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 330 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hyperprogressive disease in carcinoma induced by immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy: a systematic review.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026Pooled it
- Prognostic role of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in cancers: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC cancer · 2018Pooled it
- The Role of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in Patients with Solid Tumors: A Meta-Analysis.PloS one · 2016Pooled it
- Computational algorithm-driven evaluation of monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cell frequency for prediction of clinical outcomes.Cancer immunology research · 2014Trial
- Therapeutic regulation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells and immune response to cancer vaccine in patients with extensive stage small cell lung cancer.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2013Trial
- Metastatic melanoma patients treated with dendritic cell vaccination, Interleukin-2 and metronomic cyclophosphamide: results from a phase II trial.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2012Trial
- Multipeptide immune response to cancer vaccine IMA901 after single-dose cyclophosphamide associates with longer patient survival.Nature medicine · 2012Trial
- Phase 2 study of neoadjuvant treatment with NOV-002 in combination with doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide followed by docetaxel in patients with HER-2 negative clinical stage II-IIIc breast cancer.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2012Trial
- Pilot study of Wilms tumor 1-targeted human platelet lysate-induced antigen-presenting cells in advanced solid cancer patients.Regenerative therapy · 2026Article
- Bone marrow myeloid skewing and preserved immunoregulation in hip osteoarthritis of elderly patients.GeroScience · 2026Article
- Human immunosuppressive neutrophils: recent answers to old and new questions.The EMBO journal · 2026Review
- Article
- Coordinated dynamics of circulating neutrophils, regulatory T lymphocytes, myeloid derived suppressor cells and distinct granulocytic subsets reveal a complex immune network in metastatic colorectal cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- RNA modifications: roles in immune cell biology and tumor regulation.Cancer cell international · 2025Review
- Review
- Myeloid cells are involved in tumor immunity, metastasis and metabolism in tumor microenvironment.Cell biology and toxicology · 2025Review
- Tumor Microenvironment Dynamics of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Under Radiation Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Radiotherapy as salvage therapy and an adjunct to immunotherapy: exploring local and abscopal mechanisms to overcome immunotherapy resistance: a narrative review.Translational lung cancer research · 2025Review
- Dual roles of innate immune cells and cytokines in shaping the breast cancer microenvironment.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Mechanisms of Anti-PD Therapy Resistance in Digestive System Neoplasms.Recent patents on anti-cancer drug discovery · 2025Review
143 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
We recently demonstrated that human BM cells can be treated in vitro with defined growth factors to induce the rapid generation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), hereafter defined as BM-MDSCs. Indeed, combination of G-CSF + GM-CSF led to the development of a heterogeneous mixture of immature myeloid cells ranging from myeloblasts to band cells that were able to suppress alloantigen- and mitogen-stimulated T lymphocytes. Here, we further investigate the mechanism of suppression and define the cell subset that is fully responsible for BM-MDSC-mediated immune suppression. This population, which displays the structure and markers of promyelocytes, is however distinct from physiologic promyelocytes that, instead, are devoid of immuosuppressive function. In addition, we demonstrate that promyelocyte-like cells proliferate in the presence of activated lymphocytes and that, when these cells exert suppressive activity, they do not differentiate but rather maintain their immature phenotype. Finally, we show that promyelocyte-like BM-MDSCs are equivalent to MDSCs present in the blood of patients with breast cancer and patients with colorectal cancer and that increased circulating levels of these immunosuppressive myeloid cells correlate with worse prognosis and radiographic progression.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.