ArticleJournal of virology2011
Parasite-mediated upregulation of NK cell-derived gamma interferon protects against severe highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus infection.
Article in Journal of virology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Toxoplasma gondii soluble antigen (STAg) induces resistance against Mycobacterium tuberculosis in a human monocyte cell line via P2X7 receptor.Molecular biology reports · 2025Article
- Influenza A Virus Weakens the Immune Response of Mice toVeterinary sciences · 2023Article
- Dual Transcriptomics To Determine Gamma Interferon-Independent Host Response to Intestinal Cryptosporidium parvum Infection.Infection and immunity · 2022Article
- Novel Murine Pancreatic Tumor Model Demonstrates Immunotherapeutic Control of Tumor Progression by a Toxoplasma gondii Protein.Infection and immunity · 2021Article
- Human Innate Lymphoid Cells in Influenza Infection and Vaccination.Critical reviews in immunology · 2021Review
- Intestinal transcriptomes in Kazakh sheep with different haplotypes after experimental Echinococcus granulosus infection.Parasite (Paris, France) · 2021Article
- Aging with Toxoplasma gondii results in pathogen clearance, resolution of inflammation, and minimal consequences to learning and memory.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Transcriptional Analysis Shows a Robust Host Response toInfection and immunity · 2019Article
- Protective Effect ofFrontiers in immunology · 2017Article
- The Diverse Role of NK Cells in Immunity to Toxoplasma gondii Infection.PLoS pathogens · 2016Article
- Long-Term Relationships: the Complicated Interplay between the Host and the Developmental Stages of Toxoplasma gondii during Acute and Chronic Infections.Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2015Review
- Dual transcriptional profiling of mice and Toxoplasma gondii during acute and chronic infection.BMC genomics · 2014Article
- Toxoplasma gondii profilin promotes recruitment of Ly6Chi CCR2+ inflammatory monocytes that can confer resistance to bacterial infection.PLoS pathogens · 2014Article
- Toxoplasma gondii upregulates interleukin-12 to prevent Plasmodium berghei-induced experimental cerebral malaria.Infection and immunity · 2014Article
- H5N1 pathogenesis studies in mammalian models.Virus research · 2013Review
- Pulmonary exposure to single-walled carbon nanotubes does not affect the early immune response against Toxoplasma gondii.Particle and fibre toxicology · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Outbreaks of influenza A viruses are associated with significant human morbidity worldwide. Given the increasing resistance to the available influenza drugs, new therapies for the treatment of influenza virus infection are needed. An alternative approach is to identify products that enhance a protective immune response. In these studies, we demonstrate that infecting mice with the Th1-inducing parasite Toxoplasma gondii prior to highly pathogenic avian H5N1 influenza virus infection led to decreased lung viral titers and enhanced survival. A noninfectious fraction of T. gondii soluble antigens (STAg) elicited an immune response similar to that elicited by live parasites, and administration of STAg 2 days after H5N1 influenza virus infection enhanced survival, lowered viral titers, and reduced clinical disease. STAg administration protected H5N1 virus-infected mice lacking lymphocytes, suggesting that while the adaptive immune response was not required for enhanced survival, it was necessary for STAg-mediated viral clearance. Mechanistically, we found that administration of STAg led to increased production of gamma interferon (IFN-γ) from natural killer (NK) cells, which were both necessary and sufficient for survival. Further, administration of exogenous IFN-γ alone enhanced survival from H5N1 influenza virus infection, although not to the same level as STAg treatment. These studies demonstrate that a noninfectious T. gondii extract enhances the protective immune response against severe H5N1 influenza virus infections even when a single dose is administered 2 days postinfection.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.