ArticlePloS one2011
Vesicoureteral reflux and other urinary tract malformations in mice compound heterozygous for Pax2 and Emx2.
Article in PloS one, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Ureter development and associated congenital anomalies.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2025Review
- Age-Related Changes in Brain Structure in Pediatric Chronic Kidney Disease.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Emx2 is an essential regulator of ciliated cell development across embryonic tissues.iScience · 2024Article
- Implication of transcription factor FOXD2 dysfunction in syndromic congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT).Kidney international · 2024Article
- The Embryological Landscape of Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser Syndrome: Genetics and Environmental Factors.The Yale journal of biology and medicine · 2021Review
- A coordinated progression of progenitor cell states initiates urinary tract development.Nature communications · 2021Article
- Mechanistic Drivers of Müllerian Duct Development and Differentiation Into the Oviduct.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021Review
- Mutations of the Transcriptional Corepressor ZMYM2 Cause Syndromic Urinary Tract Malformations.American journal of human genetics · 2020Article
- Loss of peri-Wolffian duct stromal Frs2α expression in mice leads to abnormal ureteric bud induction and vesicoureteral reflux.Pediatric research · 2017Article
- Modulation of apoptotic response by LAR family phosphatases-cIAP1 signaling during urinary tract morphogenesis.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2017Article
- Murine model indicates 22q11.2 signaling adaptorProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2017Article
- Gene regulatory network of renal primordium development.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2014Review
- A new genome scan for primary nonsyndromic vesicoureteric reflux emphasizes high genetic heterogeneity and shows linkage and association with various genes already implicated in urinary tract development.Molecular genetics & genomic medicine · 2014Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
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Abstract
Congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) are the most common cause of chronic kidney disease in children. This disease group includes a spectrum of urinary tract defects including vesicoureteral reflux, duplex kidneys and other developmental defects that can be found alone or in combination. To identify new regulators of CAKUT, we tested the genetic cooperativity between several key regulators of urogenital system development in mice. We found a high incidence of urinary tract anomalies in Pax2;Emx2 compound heterozygous mice that are not found in single heterozygous mice. Pax2⁺/⁻;Emx2⁺/⁻ mice harbor duplex systems associated with urinary tract obstruction, bifid ureter and a high penetrance of vesicoureteral reflux. Remarkably, most compound heterozygous mice refluxed at low intravesical pressure. Early analysis of Pax2⁺/⁻;Emx2⁺/⁻ embryos point to ureter budding defects as the primary cause of urinary tract anomalies. We additionally establish Pax2 as a direct regulator of Emx2 expression in the Wolffian duct. Together, these results identify a haploinsufficient genetic combination resulting in CAKUT-like phenotype, including a high sensitivity to vesicoureteral reflux. As both genes are located on human chromosome 10q, which is lost in a proportion of VUR patients, these findings may help understand VUR and CAKUT in humans.
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