Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21731753›Full record

ArticlePloS one2011

Rapid detection of the H275Y oseltamivir resistance mutation in influenza A/H1N1 2009 by single base pair RT-PCR and high-resolution melting.

Steven Y C Tong, Farshid Dakh, Aeron C Hurt, Yi-Mo Deng, Kevin Freeman, Peter K Fagan, Ian G Barr, Philip M Giffard

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed
2.6field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. CRISPR-Based Assays for Point-of-Need Detection and Subtyping of Influenza.The Journal of molecular diagnostics : JMD · 2024
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  14. Translational research in infectious disease: current paradigms and challenges ahead.Translational research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine · 2012
    Review
  15. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.

Steven Y C TongMenzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia. Steven.tong@menzies.edu.au
Farshid Dakh
Aeron C Hurt
Yi-Mo Deng
Kevin Freeman
Peter K Fagan
Ian G Barr
Philip M Giffard
Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory · AUMenzies School of Health Research · AUCharles Darwin University · AUGovernment of the Northern Territory · AURoyal Darwin Hospital · AU

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionWe aimed to design a real-time reverse-transcriptase-PCR (rRT-PCR), high-resolution melting (HRM) assay to detect the H275Y mutation that confers oseltamivir resistance in influenza A/H1N1 2009 viruses.

findingsA novel strategy of amplifying a single base pair, the relevant SNP at position 823 of the neuraminidase gene, was chosen to maintain specificity of the assay. Wildtype and mutant virus were differentiated when using known reference samples of cell-cultured virus. However, when dilutions of these reference samples were assayed, amplification of non-specific primer-dimer was evident and affected the overall melting temperature (T(m)) of the amplified products. Due to primer-dimer appearance at >30 cycles we found that if the cycle threshold (C(T)) for a dilution was >30, the HRM assay did not consistently discriminate mutant from wildtype. Where the C(T) was <30 we noted an inverse relationship between C(T) and T(m) and fitted quadratic curves allowed the discrimination of wildtype, mutant and 30∶70 mutant∶wildtype virus mixtures. We compared the C(T) values for a TaqMan H1N1 09 detection assay with those for the HRM assay using 59 clinical samples and demonstrated that samples with a TaqMan detection assay C(T)>32.98 would have an H275Y assay C(T)>30. Analysis of the TaqMan C(T) values for 609 consecutive clinical samples predicted that 207 (34%) of the samples would result in an HRM assay C(T)>30 and therefore not be amenable to the HRM assay.

conclusionsThe use of single base pair PCR and HRM can be useful for specifically interrogating SNPs. When applied to H1N1 09, the constraints this placed on primer design resulted in amplification of primer-dimer products. The impact primer-dimer had on HRM curves was adjusted for by plotting T(m) against C(T). Although less sensitive than TaqMan assays, the HRM assay can rapidly, and at low cost, screen samples with moderate viral concentrations.

Indexed as

Base PairingDrug Resistance, ViralHumansInfluenza A Virus, H1N1 SubtypeMutationNeuraminidaseNucleic Acid DenaturationOseltamivirReference StandardsReproducibility of ResultsReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionTemperatureNeuraminidaseOseltamivir

Identifiers

PMID21731753
PMCPMC3123348
OpenAlexW2018530648

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.