ArticlePloS one2011
Incorporation of real-time PCR into routine public health surveillance of culture negative bacterial meningitis in São Paulo, Brazil.
Article in PloS one, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Pooled it
- A novel real-time PCR assay for the simultaneous detection of the four main causes of bacterial meningitis.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2026Article
- A Ten-Year Retrospective Review of Medical Records of Patients Admitted with Meningitis or Encephalitis at Five Hospitals in the United States Highlights the Potential for Under-Ascertainment of Invasive Meningococcal Disease.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Recurrent community-acquired pneumococcal meningitis in adults with and without identified predisposing factors.Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology] · 2024Article
- Meningococcal burden of disease in Argentina: 10 years epidemiologic review.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2023Article
- Evaluation of the accuracy of multiplex polymerase chain reaction in differentiation between bacterial and viral meningitis.Irish journal of medical science · 2023Article
- Role of cerebrospinal fluid lactate in diagnosing meningitis in critically ill patients.World journal of critical care medicine · 2023Article
- Diagnosis of bacterial meningitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, and Haemophilus influenzae using a multiplex real-time PCR technique.Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology] · 2022Article
- Invasive Meningococcal X Disease during the COVID-19 Pandemic, Brazil.Emerging infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Article
- The epidemiology of meningococcal meningitis: multicenter, hospital-based surveillance of meningococcal meningitis in Iraq.IJID regions · 2021Article
- Frequency of etiological agents of acute bacterial meningitis using culture and polymerase chain reaction assay.New microbes and new infections · 2021Article
- The Role of Molecular Testing in Pediatric Meningitis Surveillance in Southern and East African Countries, 2008-2017.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2021Article
- Use of a new multiplex quantitative polymerase chain reaction based assay for simultaneous detection ofIranian journal of microbiology · 2021Article
- Meningococcal carriage among Hajj pilgrims, risk factors for carriage and records of vaccination: a study of pilgrims to Mecca.Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH · 2021Article
- Detection ofInfectious disease reports · 2021Article
- Etiology of Pediatric Meningitis in West Africa Using Molecular Methods in the Era of Conjugate Vaccines against Pneumococcus, Meningococcus, andThe American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2020Article
- Estimation of the real burden of invasive meningococcal disease in Argentina.Epidemiology and infection · 2019Observational
- Spatial analysis of pneumococcal meningitis in São Paulo in the pre- and post-immunization era.Revista de saude publica · 2019Article
- The etiology of acute meningitis and encephalitis syndromes in a sentinel pediatric hospital, Shenzhen, China.BMC infectious diseases · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Real-time (RT)-PCR increases diagnostic yield for bacterial meningitis and is ideal for incorporation into routine surveillance in a developing country. We validated a multiplex RT-PCR assay for Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, and Haemophilus influenzae in Brazil. Risk factors for being culture-negative, RT-PCR positive were determined. The sensitivity of RT-PCR in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was 100% (95% confidence limits, 96.0%-100%) for N. meningitidis, 97.8% (85.5%-99.9%) for S. pneumoniae, and 66.7% (9.4%-99.2%) for H. influenzae. Specificity ranged from 98.9% to 100%. Addition of RT-PCR to routine microbiologic methods increased the yield for detection of S. pneumoniae, N. meningitidis, and H. influenzae cases by 52%, 85%, and 20%, respectively. The main risk factor for being culture negative and RT-PCR positive was presence of antibiotic in CSF (odds ratio 12.2, 95% CI 5.9-25.0). RT-PCR using CSF was highly sensitive and specific and substantially added to measures of meningitis disease burden when incorporated into routine public health surveillance in Brazil.
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