ArticleThorax2011
Effect of urbanisation on asthma, allergy and airways inflammation in a developing country setting.
Article in Thorax, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 57 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
57 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Prevalence and risk factors for allergic rhinitis in two resource-limited settings in Peru with disparate degrees of urbanization.Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology · 2015Trial
- 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels are associated with childhood asthma in a population-based study in Peru.Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology · 2015Trial
- Role of exhaled nitric oxide as a predictor of atopy.Respiratory research · 2013Trial
- Oxidative Stress and Risk Factors in Adult Patients with Bronchial Asthma: A Clinical Analysis of Representative Biomarkers.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- A cross-sectional study on the self-management of asthma and asthma control among adult asthmatic patients in the Aseer region, KSA.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Environmental Influences on Atopic Eczema.Journal of environmental science and public health · 2024Article
- Understanding and controlling asthma in Latin America: A review of recent research informed by the SCAALA programme.Clinical and translational allergy · 2023Review
- EAST in Children with Allergic rhinitis: Experience from Indian Tertiary Centre.Indian journal of otolaryngology and head and neck surgery : official publication of the Association of Otolaryngologists of India · 2022Article
- Assessing the prevalence and severity of asthma, rhinitis, and eczema among schoolchildren (6-7 and 13-14 years old) in Khuzestan, Iran: a cross-sectional survey.BMC pediatrics · 2022Article
- Effects of Urban Landscape and Sociodemographic Characteristics on Heat-Related Health Using Emergency Medical Service Incidents.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Risk Factors of Childhood Asthma Among Patients Attending a Tertiary Care Centre in North-East India.Journal of asthma and allergy · 2022Article
- Effects of Residential Environment and Lifestyle on Atopic Eczema Among Preschool Children in Shenzhen, China.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- Physical Exercise in the Context of Air Pollution: An Emerging Research Topic.Frontiers in physiology · 2022Review
- Determinants of asthma in Ethiopia: age and sex matched case control study with special reference to household fuel exposure and housing characteristics.Asthma research and practice · 2021Article
- Understanding socio-economic inequalities in the prevalence of asthma in India: an evidence from national sample survey 2017-18.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2021Article
- Allergic rhinitis aggravated by air pollutants in Latin America: A systematic review.The World Allergy Organization journal · 2021Review
- The effects of indoor and outdoor air pollution on the prevalence of adults' respiratory diseases in four Chinese cities: a comparison between 2017-2018 and 1993-1996.Journal of thoracic disease · 2021Article
- Risk factors associated with rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis and eczema among schoolchildren in Uganda.Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology · 2021Article
- Household food insecurity is associated with asthma control in Peruvian children living in a resource-poor setting.The Journal of asthma : official journal of the Association for the Care of Asthma · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAsthma is a growing public health problem in developing countries. However, few studies have studied the role of urbanisation in this phenomenon. It was hypothesised that children living in a peri-urban setting in Peru have higher rates of asthma and allergy than rural counterparts.
methods1441 adolescents aged 13-15 years were enrolled from two settings: a peri-urban shanty town in Lima (n = 725) and 23 rural villages in Tumbes (n = 716). Participants filled in questionnaires on asthma and allergy symptoms, environmental exposures and sociodemographics, and underwent spirometry, and exhaled nitric oxide (eNO) and allergy skin testing. Indoor particulate matter (PM) concentrations were measured in 170 households.
resultsLima adolescents had higher rates of lifetime wheezing (22% vs 10%), current asthma symptoms (12% vs 3%) and physician-diagnosed asthma (13% vs 2%; all p <0.001). Current rhinitis (23% vs 12%), eczema (12% vs 0.4%), atopy (56% vs 38%), personal history of cigarette smoking (7.4% vs 1.3%) and mean indoor PM (31 vs 13 μg/m(3)) were also higher in Lima (all p < 0.001). The peri-urban environment of Lima was associated with a 2.6-fold greater odds (95% CI 1.3 to 5.3) of asthma in multivariable regression. Forced expiratory volumes were higher and FEV(1)/FVC (forced expiratory volume in 1 s/forced vital capacity) ratios were lower in Lima (all p < 0.001). Higher eNO values in Lima (p < 0.001) were attributable to higher rates of asthma and atopy.
conclusionsPeri-urban adolescents had more asthma, atopy and airways inflammation and were exposed to more indoor pollution. The findings provide evidence of the risks posed to lung health by peri-urban environments in developing countries.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.