ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2011
Evolution of the V, D, and J gene segments used in the primate gammadelta T-cell receptor reveals a dichotomy of conservation and diversity.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers.
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Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 60 citations in OpenAlex.
- Unconventional T cells in urological cancers: catch them if you can.Nature reviews. Urology · 2026Review
- Chain-specific remodeling of the γδ T-cell TCR repertoire in preterm infants with cCMV: a gestational-age-stratified case-control study.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Leveraging a synthetic biology approach to enhance BCG-mediated expansion of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells.PloS one · 2026Article
- Review
- γδ T cells in diabetes mellitus: dual roles and therapeutic implications.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- γδ T cells in human colon adenocarcinomas comprise mainly Vδ1, Vδ2, and Vδ3 cells with distinct phenotype and function.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2024Article
- Invariant γδTCR natural killer-like effector T cells in the naked mole-rat.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Immune Regulatory Networks and Therapy of γδ T Cells in Liver Cancer: Recent Trends and Advancements.Journal of clinical and translational hepatology · 2024Review
- Review
- Current advances in primate genomics: novel approaches for understanding evolution and disease.Nature reviews. Genetics · 2023Review
- The miR-20a/miR-92b Profile Is Associated with Circulating γδ T-Cell Perturbations in Mild Psoriasis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- The dynamics of γδ T cell responses in nonhuman primates during SARS-CoV-2 infection.Communications biology · 2022Article
- Comparing Mouse and Human Tissue-Resident γδ T Cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Dichotomous and stable gamma delta T-cell number and function in healthy individuals.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2021Article
- Lost structural and functional inter-relationships between Ig and TCR loci in mammals revealed in sharks.Immunogenetics · 2021Review
- Human and murine memory γδ T cells: Evidence for acquired immune memory in bacterial and viral infections and autoimmunity.Cellular immunology · 2020Review
- Ligand recognition by the γδ TCR and discrimination between homeostasis and stress conditions.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2020Review
- Profile of gamma-delta (γδ) T lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of crossbreed dogs during stages of life and implication in aging.BMC veterinary research · 2020Article
- Review
- Alpaca (Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
γδ T cells are an immunological enigma in that both their function in the immune response and the molecular mechanisms behind their activation remain unclear. These cells predominate in the epithelia and can be rapidly activated to provide an array of responses. However, no homologous γδ T-cell populations have been identified between humans and mice, and our understanding of what these cells recognize as ligands is limited. Here we take an alternative approach to understanding human γδ T-cell ligand recognition by studying the evolutionary forces that have shaped the V, D, and J gene segments that are used during somatic rearrangement to generate the γδ T-cell receptor. We find that distinctly different forces have shaped the γ and δ loci. The Vδ and Jδ genes are highly conserved, some even through to mouse. In contrast, the γ-locus is split: the Vγ9, Vγ10, and Vγ11 genes represent the conserved region of the Vγ gene locus whereas the remaining Vγ genes have been evolving rapidly, such that orthology throughout the primate lineage is unclear. We have also analyzed the coding versus silent substitutions between species within the V and J gene segments and find a preference for coding substitutions in the complementarity determining region loops of many of the V gene segments. Our results provide a different perspective on investigating human γδ T-cell recognition, demonstrating that diversification at particular γδ gene loci has been favored during primate evolution, suggesting adaptation of particular V domains to a changing ligand environment.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.