Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21730150›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2011

The microRNA-21-PDCD4 axis prevents type 1 diabetes by blocking pancreatic beta cell death.

Qingguo Ruan, Ting Wang, Vasumathi Kameswaran, Qin Wei, Derek S Johnson, Franz Matschinsky, Weiyun Shi, Youhai H Chen

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 104 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
104citing papers in PubMed
5.9field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

104 citing papers in PubMed, 199 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Influence of rsHealth science reports · 2025
    Article
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Atg7 senses ATP levels and regulates AKTCommunications biology · 2023
    Article
  12. Review
  13. Genetics of diabetes.World journal of diabetes · 2023
    Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Review
  20. Article

44 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Qingguo RuanDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Ting Wang
Vasumathi Kameswaran
Qin Wei
Derek S Johnson
Franz Matschinsky
Weiyun Shi
Youhai H Chen
University of Pennsylvania · USShandong Eye Institute & Hospital · CN

Funding

VIRAL VECTOR COREP30DK019525 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI Patrick Seale · 1986 to 2026
$48.3M
Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis and c-RelR01AI050059 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI CHEN, YOUHAI H · 2001 to 2016
$4.4M
Autoimmune encephalomyelitis and BimR01AI069289 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI CHEN, YOUHAI H · 2006 to 2010
$1.9M
Type I diabetes and NF-kappa BR01DK070691 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI CHEN, YOUHAI H · 2007 to 2011
$1.6M
Autoimmune encephalomyelitis and c-RelR56AI050059 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI CHEN, YOUHAI H · 2011 to 2011
$320k
NIAID NIH HHS AI069289NIAID NIH HHS AI50059NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI050059NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI069289NIAID NIH HHS R56 AI050059NIDDK NIH HHS DK070691NIDDK NIH HHS DK19525NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK019525NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK070691
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Death of pancreatic β cells is a pathological hallmark of type 1 diabetes (T1D). However, the molecular mechanisms of β cell death and its regulation are poorly understood. Here we describe a unique regulatory pathway of β cell death that comprises microRNA-21, its target tumor suppressor PDCD4, and its upstream transcriptional activator nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB). In pancreatic β cells, c-Rel and p65 of the NF-κB family activated the mir21 gene promoter and increased miR-21 RNA levels; miR-21 in turn decreased the level of PDCD4, which is able to induce cell death through the Bax family of apoptotic proteins. Consequently, PDCD4 deficiency in pancreatic β cells renders them resistant to death, and PDCD4 deficiency in NOD or C57BL/6 mice conferred resistance to spontaneous diabetes and diabetes induced by autoimmune T cells or the β cell toxin streptozotocin (STZ). Thus, the NF-κB-microRNA-21-PDCD4 axis plays a crucial role in T1D and represents a unique therapeutic target for treating the disease.

Indexed as

Analysis of VarianceAnimalsApoptosis Regulatory ProteinsCell DeathDiabetes Mellitus, Type 1DNA PrimersFlow CytometryGene Expression RegulationImmunoblottingInsulin-Secreting CellsMiceMice, Inbred C57BLMice, Inbred NODMicroRNAsNF-kappa BReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionApoptosis Regulatory ProteinsDNA PrimersMicroRNAsMIRN21 microRNA, mouseNF-kappa BPdcd4 protein, mouseRNA-Binding Proteins

Identifiers

PMID21730150
PMCPMC3141944
OpenAlexW2087400084

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.