Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21726452›Full record

ArticleMalaria journal2011

Safety and immunogenicity of multi-antigen AMA1-based vaccines formulated with CoVaccine HT™ and Montanide ISA 51 in rhesus macaques.

Kwadwo A Kusi, Edmond J Remarque, Vanessa Riasat, Vanessa Walraven, Alan W Thomas, Bart W Faber, Clemens H M Kocken

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Malaria journal, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
23citing papers in PubMed
2.5field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

23 citing papers in PubMed, 42 citations in OpenAlex.

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  2. Development of high affinity antibodies toFrontiers in immunology · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Kwadwo A KusiDepartment of Parasitology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Postbox 3306, 2280 GH, Rijswijk, The Netherlands.
Edmond J Remarque
Vanessa Riasat
Vanessa Walraven
Alan W Thomas
Bart W Faber
Clemens H M Kocken
Biomedical Primate Research Centre · NLFranciscus Vlietland · NL

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIncreasing the breadth of the functional antibody response through immunization with Plasmodium falciparum apical membrane antigen 1 (PfAMA1) multi-allele vaccine formulations has been demonstrated in several rodent and rabbit studies. This study assesses the safety and immunogenicity of three PfAMA1 Diversity-Covering (DiCo) vaccine candidates formulated as an equimolar mixture (DiCo mix) in CoVaccine HT™ or Montanide ISA 51, as well as that of a PfAMA1-MSP1₁₉ fusion protein formulated in Montanide ISA 51.

methodsVaccine safety in rhesus macaques was monitored by animal behaviour observation and assessment of organ and systemic functions through clinical chemistry and haematology measurements. The immunogenicity of vaccine formulations was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and in vitro parasite growth inhibition assays with three culture-adapted P. falciparum strains.

resultsThese data show that both adjuvants were well tolerated with only transient changes in a few of the chemical and haematological parameters measured. DiCo mix formulated in CoVaccine HT™ proved immunologically and functionally superior to the same candidate formulated in Montanide ISA 51. Immunological data from the fusion protein candidate was however difficult to interpret as four out of six immunized animals were non-responsive for unknown reasons.

conclusionsThe study highlights the safety and immunological benefits of DiCo mix as a potential human vaccine against blood stage malaria, especially when formulated in CoVaccine HT™, and adds to the accumulating data on the specificity broadening effects of DiCo mix.

Indexed as

Adjuvants, ImmunologicAnimalsAntibodies, ProtozoanAntigens, ProtozoanCell SurvivalFemaleHumansImmunoglobulin GMacaca mulattaMalaria VaccinesMaleMannitolMembrane ProteinsOleic AcidsPlasmodium falciparumProtozoan ProteinsAdjuvants, ImmunologicAntibodies, ProtozoanAntigens, Protozoanapical membrane antigen I, PlasmodiumImmunoglobulin GMalaria VaccinesMannitolMembrane Proteinsmontanide ISA 51Oleic AcidsProtozoan ProteinsRecombinant Fusion ProteinsVaccines, Subunit

Identifiers

PMID21726452
PMCPMC3142537
OpenAlexW2107395007

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.